摘要:

This investigation estimated the mechanisms of baclofen action on spasticity using a battery of electromyographic methods. Thirty patients with old post‐stroke spastic hemiparesis took part in the investigation. They were treated with baclofen‐mean daily dose 54.3α11.6 mg for a mean of 26.3α4.9 days. A questionaire for assessment of subjective improvement after treatment used a 5‐point scale. For standardization of the neurological examination 5‐point scales were used to assess muscle tone, muscle force and tendon reflexes. A battery of electromyographic methods was used to analyse different mechanisms of spasticity: for alpha motoneurone activity ‐ the F wave parameters; for gamma motoneurone activity ‐ the T/H reflex amplitude ratio; for presynaptic inhibition ‐ the ratio of H reflex amplitudes before and after vibration on the achilles tendon (Hvibr./Hmax); for common interneurone activity ‐ the flexor reflex parameters. Our results revealed that baclofen reduces spastically increased muscle tone and Babinski sign. It has no influence on muscle force, tendon reflexes and ankle clonus. Baclofen acts by normalizing the altered interneurone activity and decreasing of alpha motoneurone activity. When spasticity has altered interneurone activity and increased motoneurone activity, it is better to tr

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seizures elicited by posture change and intraperioneal administration of convulsants were studied ontogenetically in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). In posture change, the first signs of seizure appeared after age 6 weeks with maximal frequency at 8–9 weeks. Adults developed complex, but stereotyped, seizures. Facial twitch was followed by the generalized covulsion, further porgressing to trembling of the limbs and then kicking of the hindlimb (full seizure) after 55 days of age.Pentylenetetrazole induced a seizure similar to the full event in gerbils as young as 37 days of age. The seizure pattern elicited by strychnine or glutamate was different from that of pentylenetetrazol

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three adult patients with moyamoya disease are described. They presented with intracerebral hematoma, cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage, respectively. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is rare in moyamoya and is usually the result of aneurysm rupture. No aneurysm was found in our patient. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the cerebral perfusion reserve assessed by the acetazolamide test, were significantly reduced in all three patients. The areas with most reduced baseline rCBF and most impaired vasoreactivity did not always correspond to the site of the vascular accident, indicating that these CBF changes were at least in part due to the moyamoya disease and/or its underlying causes, and not solely to the vascular accidents.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Central motor conduction time (CMCT) to thenar and soleus muscles was measured after magnetic stimulation of the cortex in 20 cases of Friedreich's ataxia (FA) and was abnormal in all. CMCT values were related to disease duration and disability. The amplitude of CMAP after cortex stimulation was severely reduced in the most disabled patients. Reduction in amplitude of the nerve evoked potentials was related neither to disease duration nor grade of disability. These results suggest that clinical worsening in FA is mainly due to progressive central motor pathway involvement. CMCT study is a better index of disease progression than peripheral nerve examination. Abnormalities in CMCT may be the third electrophysiological diagnostic criterion in FA, after reduced amplitude of nerve action potentials and absent H reflex.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The molecular basis of Group A xeroderma pigmentosum was investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR‐amplified DNA sequences using the two restriction enzymes, endonucleases AlwN I and Hph I. The clones of a patient with Group A xeroderma pigmentosum who had typical symptoms showed a G‐C substitution at the 3’ splice acceptor site of intron 3. However, of the two atypical Group A xeroderma pigmentosum patients with mild skin lesions and minimal neurological abnormalities, the milder one showed homozygosity for the nonsense mutation of exon 6, while the other patient with slightly greater central nervous involvement was shown to be a compound heterozygote for the splicing mutation of intron 3 and the nonsense mutation of exon 6, thus indicating an allelic heterogeneity in group A xeroderma pigmen

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We examined 348 patients who underwent thrombolytic treatment for acute myocardial infarction. Nine patients (2.58%) developed neurological complications related directly or indirectly to this procedure. Cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 3 patients; 2 patients had transient ischemic attacks, 1 had syncope, another had psychomotor agitation and 2 patients presented seizures during the infusion of the thrombolytic agent, without hemodynamic abnormalities. This latter feature had never been described before.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To investigate the presence of human herpesvirus‐6 (HHV‐6) in patients affected by Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) and by other neurological diseases (OND), we examined by indirect immunofluorescence analysis (IFA) the sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 28 GBS and 63 OND. Moreover, we tested 150 blood donors (BD) to appreciate the diffusion of HHV‐6 infection in the Italian adult healthy population. We found a significantly higher titre of antibody to HHV‐6 in the GBS patients compared with OND and BD, although the pathogenicity of the virus is

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study the effects of agonist acting drugs (morphine sulphate, fentanyl citrate and meperidine hydrochloride) on nerve conduction were studied in 43 healthy young volunteers divided into four groups randomly. According to analgesic equivalent doses, the first group received 2 mg morphine sulphate, the second group 0.02 mg fentanyl citrate, the third group 20 mg meperidine hydrochloride, and as control the fourth group received 2 ml of saline. The latencies, amplitudes of the responses and nerve conduction velocities were obtained immediately before and every 5 min after injections up to 30 min. No significant change was observed within or among the morphine sulphate, fentanyl citrate and saline groups whereas in the meperidine hydrochloride group the amplitudes diminished significantly and this finding was still apparent at 30 min. Four of the cases displayed complete blocks. Nerve conduction velocity did not change in the other 6 cases. The significant decrement of the amplitude of the compound nerve action potential in the meperidine hydrochloride group is probably due to local anesthetic‐like action of this drug. Morphine sulphate, fentanyl citrate or saline did not show this effec

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied the nycterohemeral variations of homovanillic acid (HVA) in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 24 patients undergoing monitoring of intracranial pressure as part of the normotensive hydrocephalus (NTH) work‐up. CSF samples were obtained every 4 h in each patient. The mean individual values of HVA in the ventricular CSF ranged from 133 to 421 ng/ml, and they could not be correlated to any clinical feature. The intraindividual levels of HVA were stable throughout 24 hours, with a variation coefficient inferior to 10% in 63% of cases, and inferior to 20% in all the patient

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We used the ELISA to measure the concentration of amyloid protein precursor with Kunitz type trypsin inhibitor domains (APPI) in CSF of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and examined the correlation of APPI with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and somatostatin (SRIF). We found the APPI concentration in CSF of DAT to be significantly elevated compared with that of multi‐infarct dementia and controls. We could significantly correlate APPI with AChE, but not correlate APPI with SRIF. The present results suggest that measurement of CSF APPI levels may be useful for diagnosis of DAT and the change of APPI may closely be associated with abnormality of acetylcholine system in DAT that has been reporte

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY