摘要:

ABSTRACTThe three patients presented showed a rhythmic bobbing of the body when standing with flexed legs. It was produced by slow, coarse, synchronous extensions‐flexions in the legs. Platform and accelerometer records demonstrated an almost clockwork regularity of rate in the 2.5–3.5 c/sec range. In Romberg's test there occurred slow rhythmic extensions‐flexions of the feet. The patients walked with a peculiar stiff “heel‐gait”, which was not conspicuously broad‐based, unsteady or trembling. On ascending a platform they displayed a slow leg tremor and a marked disorder of forward‐vertical movement. This very uniform motor syndrome retained its specific features over the years. An upper limb involvement was observed in one of the patients. Postmortem examination in one patient, a chronic alcoholic, showed a pronounced atrophy of the superior cerebellar vermis. Tomographic pneumoencephalograms demonstrated the superior vermis atrophy in the two

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05646.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFour patients with the syndrome of continuous muscle fiber activity were seen in a period of 6 years. Young females predominated. Remarkable improvement followed phenytoin sodium and carbamazepine administration in three patients, one of whom was “cured” within 4 years. In the remaining patient the response was inconstant. Electromyography showed abnormal spontaneous activity with diphasic and triphasic potentials appearing as doublets and multiplets. Waxing and waning was observed. D‐tubocurarine and succinylcholine abolished the spontaneous activity excluding the muscle and the myoneural junction as its source. Spinal anesthesia, thiopental sodium, sleep and baclofen had no effect on it, ruling out a central source. In three patients, nerve blocks at the knee and elbow or wrist abolished this activity pointing to a proximal site of origin in the nerve somewhere between the spinal cord and the nerve block. In the remaining patient such a block significantly reduced but did not abolish the activity suggesting a dual source above and below the block. Finally successive examinations in one of our patients led us to believe that this activity may arise from different sites at varying times. It appears that regardless of the site of origin of the activity in the motor axon the counter part clinical syndrome remains the

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe present paper is a study of three cases presenting the pathological aspect of chronic, non‐evolutive multiple sclerosis, corresponding to a clinical picture of benign multiple sclerosis. The first case was discovered at autopsy, the second patient had two subclinical attacks of multiple sclerosis, with a twenty‐year evolution (forme fruste), and in the third case the course of the chronic multiple sclerosis ran parallel to that of a cerebral and visceral arteriopathy. Anatomic study of the demyelinating lesions revealed their non‐evolutive aspect and the presence within the plaques of lesions of the walls of small vessels with the perivascular adventitial fibrosis. The vascular changes appear to play a primordial role in the lack of evolution of the demyelinating areas, manifested clinically by a stationary, benign pi

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwenty‐four HLA‐antigens coded by loci A and B were determined serologically for 60 multiple sclerosis patients from Northern Finland. Forty‐five of the patients were also typed by mixed leucocyte culture reactivity for HLA‐Dw2. The only statistically significant difference in antigen frequencies in these patients compared with those in controls was the decrease of HLA‐A2 among patients. Measles and rubella antibody titres in patients with and without HLA‐Dw2 and HLA‐B7 antigens were compared using a sensitive radioimmunoassay method. There was no difference between age‐ and sex‐match

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects of caloric stimulation of the labyrinth on the soleus motor pool have been investigated using the Achilles tendon reflex, the H reflex, and the vibratory inhibition of the H reflex. The excitability of the myotatic reflex arc is augmented from the beginning of irrigation and remains so until the end of nystagmus. The effects are bilateral and roughly symmetrical. The observed effects are due to simultaneous activation of non‐specific, probably reticular, and specific, doubtless vestibular, mechanisms. The Achilles tendon reflex is more facilitated than the H reflex, and the vibratory inhibition of the H reflex is not modified following irrigation of the ear canal. These results indicate a simultaneous facilitation of alpha and gamma extensor motoneurones but gamma effects clearly predominate. This interpretation is in good agreement with the findings of the animal neurophysiology. The vibratory inhibition argues against a modification of presynaptic inhibition. Before interpreting this fact as different from animal mechanisms, one must take into account the particular experimental conditions realized in man: the stimulus is complex and interactions between various nervous structures are possibl

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA patient with alexia without agraphia (pure alexia) is reported. Bedside examination of the visual fields disclosed no abnormalities, but perimetric examination demonstrated an incomplete right homonymous hemianopsia with some sparing of the peripheral part of the visual field. The literature on pure alexia without hemianopsia is reviewed and it is concluded that this syndrome has hardly been described with certainty.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces the concept of veno‐occlusive disease of the upper cervical cord by way of clinical reports on 7 patients in whom a remarkable sequence of clinical events was encountered, commencing with weakness of an upper limb, followed by similar symptoms in the ipsilateral lower limb, the contralateral lower limb and finally the contralateral upper limb. In each patient there was wasting of the small muscles of both hands due to a lower motor neuron lesion at a level of the eighth cervical segment. In each case a tumour in the region of the foramen magnum was exclude

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY