摘要:

THE purpose of our study was to determine whether inhibiting the action of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) attenuates brain injury and reduces inflammatory responses in the mouse during ischemia and reperfusion. Mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h followed by 23 h reperfusion. Monoclonal neutralizing anti-murine TNFα antibody (mAb) was administrated intraventricularly in the mouse with temporary MCAO. Infarct volume in the anti-TNFα mAb treated mice was significantly smaller than that in the control group (p< 0.05). The number of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-positive vessels in the ischemic area of the anti-TNFα mAb-treated group was significantly less than that in the control group. Our study demonstrated that blocking TNFα reduced brain injury and attenuated ICAM-1 expression during transient cerebral ischemia.

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

THE possible involvement of the adenosinergic modula-tory system in the pathogenesis of absence seizures was investigated in genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS). Usin gin vitroquantitative autoradiography, the distribution of A1 adenosine receptors and adenosine uptake sites in the brain of GAERS was studied and compared to that of control animals. An area-specific lower density of A1 receptors (15% decrease) was detected in reticular (nRT) and anterior ventral (AV) thalamic nuclei as well as basal ganglia in the brains of GAERS animals compared with control animals. Since adenosine exerts an anti-oscillatory effect on the thalamic nuclei by suppressing (via A1 receptors) excitatory as well as inhibitory neurotransmitter release, the impairment in A1 receptor density seen here, especially in nRT, could be implicated in the thalamic rhythmicity underlying spike and wave discharges present in this absence epilepsy model.

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

THE anatomical and functional correlates of the hand sensorimotor areas was investigated in a stroke patient with a malacic lesion in the left fronto-parieto-temporal cortex. The patient presented hemiplegia and motor aphasia 12 months earlier, followed by an excellent motor recovery. Transcranial magnetic stimulation mapping, functional magnetic resonance and magnetoencephalography were used as methods of functional imaging and all yielded consistent results. In particular, an asymmetrical enlargement and posterior shift of the sensorimotor areas localized in the affected hemisphere were found with all three techniques. Aspects related to brain ‘plasticity’ for functional recovery are discussed.

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A double-stranded DNA end-binding factor with high levels of expression in brain and testis of adult mice was identified as the Ku protein, earlier described as an autoantigen in connective tissue diseases and found to be essential for recombination of the immunoglobulin genes and DNA repair. High Ku levels were found in the cerebellum and pituitary gland, lower levels in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and white matter structures. Ku levels were much higher in embryonic rat brain than in the adult brain, suggesting a role of the Ku protein in brain development. In embryonic rat brain, Ku was associated with cell nuclei, but was predominantly located in the cytosol in the adult rat cerebellum and hippocampus. The abundant expression of Ku in the brain suggests the involvement of Ku autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric complications in connective tissue diseases.

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Under natural viewing conditions primates make frequent exploratory eye movements across complex scenes. We recorded neural activity of 62 cells in visual areas V1, V2 and V4 in an awake behaving monkey that freely viewed natural images. About half of the cells studied showed a modulation in firing rate following some of the eye movements made during free viewing, though the proportions showing a discernible modulation varied across areas. These cells were also examined under controlled viewing conditions in which gratings or natural image patches were flashed in and around the classical receptive field while the animal performed a fixation task. Activity rates were generally highest with flashed gratings and lowest during free viewing. Flashed natural image patches evoked responses between these two extremes, and the responses were higher when the patches were confined to the classical receptive field than when they extended into the non-classical surround. Thus the reduction of activity during free viewing relative to that obtained with flashed gratings is partly attributable to natural images being less effective stimuli and partly to suppressive spatio-temporal neural mechanisms that are important during natural vision.

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0959-4965    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID