摘要:

AbstractCells ofAmycolatopsis mediterraneiCBS 42575 were immobilized on glass wool for the production of rifamycins B and SV. Glass wool (CORNING type) of 8 microns in diameter has a better entrapment capacity for microbial cells of microorganism than the other types of glass wool used. The most suitable amount of glass wool was 0.8 g/50 ml. The best initial cell concentration used as inoculum was 40 mg cells/50 ml. Repeated batch production of rifamycins by immobilized cells on glass wool was carried out for 6 repeated batches. The results showed that reduction of batch time from 96 h to 48 h does not decrease rifamycin production by immobilized cells.

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350502

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe capacity of several strains of yeasts to do the bioconversion of the methyl ricinoleate into γ‐decalactone, was studied in a medium containing this methylic ester of fatty acid as sole carbon source. Amongst the strains which are able to do this bioconversion, two types of behaviour are observed: some of the strains produce γ‐decalactone during all the incubation in bioconversion medium while others produce this aroma compound very quickly and then consume it fast too. The tested strains produce at the same time γ‐decalactone and the corresponding acid form (4‐hydroxy‐decanoic acid), and this, in variable

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350503

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe biological treatment of spent wash from molasses distilleries was investigated. Analysis of raw spent wash showed it to be a recalcitrant waste, with a high COD of 85,170 mg/l and containing inhibitory phenolic compounds. Reverse phase thin layer chromatography identified gallic and vanillic acid present in spent wash. The fungiGeotrichum candidum, Coriolus versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Mycelia steriliawere screened for their ability to decolourize spent wash and to reduce the COD level. A 10 day pretreatment withGeotrichum candidumat 30°C resulted in reducing the COD by 53.17% and total phenols by 47.82%, enabling other bioremediating organisms to grow.Coriolus versicolorimmobilized in a packed‐bed reactor reduced the COD of spent wash by a further 50.3%, giving an overall reduction in COD of 77% to 15,780 mg/l. A small amount of decolourization was achieved (4.2%), although the spent wash was still coloured. Present studies are encouraging and indicate that it is possible to bioremediate spent wash using a multi‐stage treatment process involving an intial pretreatment step withGeotrichum cand

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350504

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstracto‐Cresol induced glucose‐grown resting mycelia ofPenicillium frequentansBi 7/2 (ATCC‐number: 96048) immediately oxidizedo‐cresol and other phenols. After precultivation on glucose and phenol degradation started after a lag‐phase of 24 hours. Metabolites ofo‐cresol metabolism were methylhydro‐quinone, methyl‐p‐benzoquinone, 2‐methyl‐5‐hydroxyhydroquinone and 2‐methyl‐5‐hydroxy‐p‐benzo‐quinone. The initial reaction is probably catalyzed by a NADPH dependent hydroxylase which is specific foro‐cresol. The metabolism of 2,6‐dimethylphenol (2,6‐xylenol) occurred via 2,6‐dimethylhydroqui‐none, 2,6‐dimethylp‐benzoquinone, 2,6‐dimethyl‐3‐hydroxyhydroquinone, 2,6‐dimethyl‐

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350505

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKasba virus grown in BHK21‐WI2 cells was tested for hemagglutination (HA) with erythrocytes of a variety of species at 4°C, 25°C and 37°C. HA was observed at all temperatures with cattle, sheep and goat but not with swine, chicken, and goose erythrocytes. The HA was dependent on not only the NaCl concentration but also the pH of the diluent. The HA titer significantly improved by increasing the NaCl molarity to 0.6 M and standardizing pH to 7.5. The HA titer was 16‐ or 32‐fold higher in 0.4 M or 0.6 M solution than in 0.2 M solution of not only NaCl but also several other salts. The HA reaction was inhibited by specific

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350506

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTen bacteriocin‐producing (bacteriocinogenic) Lactobacillus isolates obtained from three Nigerian fermented foods namely: kenkey, ogi and wara were tested against the following indicator organisms: Lactobacillus plantarum and food borne pathogens comprising enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Vibrio cholerae, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas cavice, Salmonella typhimurium, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Staphylococcus aureus. All the bacteriocinogenic Lactobacillus were found to inhibit L plantarum while some inhibited some of the food borne pathogens listed aboveThe antimicrobial activities of bacteriocins from L plantarum KKY12 and L casei OGM12 were caused by proteins detectable in the culture liquids. They are designated Plantacin N and Caseicin A and they have narrow antimicrobial spectra. Plantacin N from L. plantarum KKY12 was active against L plantarum. Pseudomonas. Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas cavice whereas Caseicin A from L casei OGM12 inhibited L. plantarum, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio choleraeCaseicin A is stable at 121 C/15 mins, and both are inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. The bacteriocinogenic properties of the local isolates of Lactobacillus can help to reduce hygienic risk and the spoilage of fermented food

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350507

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcinetobacter calcoaceticusNCIB 8250 utilizes phenol as sole source of carbon and energy via anortho‐cleavage pathway. The presence of ethanol in mixed substrate cultivations repressed the utilization of phenol. In fed batch cultivation the phenol tolerance was increased at least 2‐fold. Maximum degradation rates of 150 Mg phenol/(l h) and 280 mg phenol/(g h). respectively were observed. Phenol hydroxylase is induced by its substrate and in parallel the catechol‐l,2‐dioxygenase is detectable. The presence of active phenol hydroxylase is strongly connected with the phenol degradation. Using a spectrophotometric enzyme assay the partially purified phenol hydroxylase was characterized with respect to kinetic parameters. The apparent Kmvalues for phenol, FAD and NADPH were estimated to be 147 μm, 35 μm and 416 UM, respectively. Both FAD and NADPH were essential for maximum activity of the cytoplasmically localized enzyme. No substrate inhibition of phenol hydroxylase by phenol was observed up to 0.8 mM. The pH and temperature optima were pH 7.8 and 33°C, respectively. The partially purified enzyme showed a broad substrate specificity. It hydroxylated the three isomeric cresols, chlorophenols and methylated chlorophenols. Pyrogallol, 3,4‐dihydroxy‐L‐phenylalanine and resorcinol were oxygenated with higher rates than phenol. With the exception of phenol all other enzyme substrates tested did not serve as g

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350508

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA rapid method for differentiation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae from other Xanthomonads and phylloplane inhabitants is described. Several selective media were evaluated for selective enrichment of X. campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae from mango plants. Boost broth supplemented with cycloheximide, methyl violet and methyl green enhanced growth of epiphytic X. campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae but not other phylloplane organisms. The identity of X. campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae selectively enriched from mango plant material was confirmed with monoclonal antibodies in an Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Preliminary field evaluations showed that selective enrichment and confirmation by ELISA could successfully detect latent infections of X. campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae in mango plant

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350509

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHigh contrast can be obtained in ultrathin sections of bacterial cells embedded in the low‐temperature resin Lowieryl by post‐staining of the sections on an aqueous ruthenium red solution. Post‐staining with lead citrate can be omitted. Combination with post‐staining with uranyl acetate results in further improvement of contrast. This is shown for Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative, and methanogenic bacteria. Improved visibility is demonstrated for wall layers including slime and capsule, cytoplasmic membrane, nucleoid, envelope of PHB inclusion bodies, polyphosphate, and intracellular defective bacteriophages. The procedure is suited as post‐staining for immunocytochem

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350510

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0233-111X    

DOI:10.1002/jobm.3620350501

出版商:Wiley‐VCH    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY