摘要:

Forty‐seven infertile married women, and forty‐seven married women in each of two fertile control groups, completed the Neuroticism Scale Questionnaire. Forty‐five husbands of the infertile women and a total of eighty‐two fertile husbands also completed the Questionnaire. On the basis of previous studies that have mainly used clinical interviews and projective tests, the hypothesis was tested that infertile Ss have higher mean Neuroticism than fertile Ss. It was found that neither infertile wives nor husbands differed from the fertile control groups, contrary to the hyp

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255788

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

John's (1971) study of anchor effects on lifted weights concluded that the main effect of an anchor was to change discriminability. Reanalysis of his data by methods based on Thurstonian scaling and Signal Detection Theory suggest that his discrimination measure was strongly affected by changes in the response system, and that the primary effect of an anchor is to induce response biases.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255789

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255790

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three experiments concerned with category judgments of lifted weights are described. In Experiment I two groups of 20 Ss made category judgments under control conditions and under instructions requiring them to report which of the two extreme stimuli (subjective standards) they had used as the basis for their judgment on each trial. Overall performance was comparable for both groups, but reliable differences were demonstrated in the judgments based on the two subjective standards.In Experiment II, 75 Ss in 3 groups of 25 were required to establish kinesthetic images to pairs of weights. Results showed a strong tendency for Ss to report being able to establish better kinesthetic images to the heavier of two weights irrespective of the absolute or relative difference between them.In Experiment III, a further group of 20 Ss made category judgments of the same stimuli as were used in Experiment I but with a standard or anchor stimulus equal to the lightest series stimulus. This resulted in reliable increases in adaptation level (AL).The results throw some light on an important factor determining judgments of lifted weights, and were interpreted as consistent with the subjective standard hypothesis but at variance with AL theory.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255791

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Localization tendencies to 8 loudspeakers were obtained for 12 Ss. The speakers were equidistantly installed on a circle around the S's head. Results support the notion that processing time is shortest for binaural cues from speakers in the aural axis. At the same time it was noticed that, because of the confounding motor component, latency responses are probably too insensitive to reflect systematic variations in central processing times.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255792

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A period of cessation of flickering light (darkness and light for 0.5 sec. intervals) was made contingent on the bar pressing of hooded rats. The cessation period consisted of either continuous darkness or continuous light, for 1.5, 3.0 or 6.0 sec. Cessation of flicker was reinforcing only if the “time‐out” period was continuous darkness. The notion that a discrepancy from any kind of stimulus adaptation level, with equal discrepancies being equally rewarding, is not entirely supported by the results. The direction of change is important in determining the effectiveness of a sensory change as a reinforcer. The results of a separate phase of the experiment demonstrated that this finding can not be accounted for by a greater preference for darkness versus flickering light than for continuous light versus flickering light. No preferences were exhi

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255793

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

First year students taking their first exam in introductory psychology estimated how confident they were that they could pass the exam before they began it. At the end of the exam they rated how successful they thought they had been (subjective performance) and attributed causality for their performance in terms of ability, effort, luck, and difficulty. Subsequently, after actual grades had been posted, they attributed causality again in terms of the same four factors. Results indicated that subjects saw luck (good or bad) as more a cause of actual outcome when the outcome was unexpected than when it was expected but this result did not occur for subjective performance. Attribution to the other factors (ability, effort, difficulty) did not depend upon outcome (actual or subjective) in relation to initial expectation. As in previous studies initial confidence and actual performance were positively correlated and males had higher initial confidence ratings than females.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255794

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Structuralism. J. Piaget. London. Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1971. vi + 153. Stg. 40s., cloth; 10s., paper. Translated and edited by Chaninah Maschler.The Theory and Practice of Mental Health Consultation. G. Caplan. London: Tavistock, 1970. xiii + 397. Stg. 62s.The Child's Construction of Politics. R. W. Connell. Melbourne. Melbourne University Press. 1971. 251. $3.75.Comparative Psychology: Research in Animal Behaviour. M. R. Denny and S. C. Ratner, Illinois, Dorsey Press, 1970. (Revised Edition.) xiv + 869. $12.50.Visual Pattern Recognition. P. C. Dodwell. N.Y. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1970. x + 276. $10.50.The Evolution of Psychological Theory: 1650 to the Present. Richard Lowry. Chicago. Aldine‐Atherton Inc. 1971. xviii + 237. US$8.95.Social Psychology. L. Mann, Sydney, John Wiley&Sons, 1969. xiii + 165. $4.95, cloth; $2.95, paper.Racism: The Australian Experience. Vol. 1: Prejudice and Xenophobia. F. S. Stevens, (Ed.). Sydney: Aust. and N.Z. Book Co. 1971. 193 pages. $7.50.Perception Through Experience. M. D. Vernon. London. Methuen. 1970. x + 306. $9.15.Institutionalism and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study of Three Mental Hospitals, 1960–1968. J. K. Wing and G. W. Brown, 1970, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. x + 260. 75s.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049537208255795

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY