摘要:

Amongst a group of 1052 men followed up since birth and living throughout Britain, it was found that reports of nervous strain at work related to features of the job (those in more highly demanding jobs reporting more strain), to earlier indications of prior susceptibility to anxiety and to a more frequent report of stomach pain, headache and sleep problems. The report of these symptoms, however, related to the indicators of susceptibility to anxiety rather than to the apparently stressful factors of the job, and it is concluded that exposure to the job demands examined in this study did not affect the frequency of symptom reporting.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mobilization of trade union members to participate in the activities of their union is a complex process of persuading and activating. Curiously, the literature on union participation has paid little attention to this process. In this paper an expectancy‐value theory of willingness to participate in action is presented. Central to this theory is the assumption that the willingness to participate in an activity or action of a trade union is a function of the perceived costs and benefits for participants of involvement in that activity or action. In the light of this theory two kinds of mobilization are distinguished: consensus mobilization and action mobilization. The theory was applied in studying three mobilization campaigns of a Dutch trade union: (a) a campaign concerning an imminent conflict about a planned reorganization, and (b) two campaigns over the annual negotiations for a collective labour agreement. This paper describes the developed theory and uses results from the three studies to test and illustrate i

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A detailed review is presented of studies bearing on the performance and effectiveness of Japanese managers, with particular attention to comparative data. Japanese managers within Japan are found to show continuing marked differences from those within other countries. These differences are not easily conceptualized within established Western models of management style and systems of decision making, and are thus frequently misunderstood. Japanese firms in the West are found to utilize only some of the practices used in Japan. Researchers in this field have often failed to distinguish between the occurrence of a particular behaviour and the manner in which it is interpreted within and between particular cultures. The similarities and differences between effective management in Japan and in the West will only become clear when studies are undertaken which make such distinctions.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eight hundred randomly selected members of the Smaller Business Association of New England were mailed the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) and a biodata questionnaire. A total of 368 chief executive officers completed both instruments, representing a response rate of 46***.0 per cent. Based on the JAS, 82 per cent of the respondents were characterized by the Type A or coronary‐prone behaviour pattern. Corporate performance was plotted against Type A and B scores. Firms run by Type As showed a higher return on investment and greater five‐year growth in sales revenue than firms run by Type Bs, but this pattern was found only for the Job Involvement subsc

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research aims at identifying job families for use in broadly based training for young people. A total of 455 job incumbents in the youth labour market were interviewed using the Job Components Inventory (JCI). The job sample was heterogeneous, reflecting a wide range of industries and job titles; some of these were skilled but mainly they were semi‐ and unskilled. The JCI covers the use of tools and equipment, physical and perceptual skills, mathematical requirements, communication, decision making and responsibility. Cluster analysis of items identified 36 skill components. These formed the basis for job‐holder profiles, which in turn were grouped by hierarchical clustering. The optimal solution resulted in six clusters, the characteristics of which were described in terms of JCI component scores. The six clusters were labelled as clerical, skilled interpersonal, operative, unskilled manual, intermediate skilled technical and skilled technical. The stability of these six clusters was assessed using split‐half replications. Results are discussed and evaluated in the context of contemporary youth training

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study investigated several issues concerning organizations' use of the campus interview for applicant evaluation and recruitment. Results indicated that: (1) recruiters showed little agreement on which topics should be covered in the interview; (2) individual recruiters failed consistently to cover topics they believed were important; (3) applicants reported the most frequently mentioned content dealt with non‐academic issues of university life and extracurricular activities; (4) applicants reacted more favourably to interview content concerning general job qualifications. Implications of the findings for recruitment interview effectiveness are discusse

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00157.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Information about educational, work and leisure achievements discriminated between graduate application forms which were accepted for further consideration and those which were rejected, as did personal background features and style of completion of the application form. Variation between types of organization, individual organizations and selectors from the same organization was observed.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Work, Organizations, and Technological Change. Edited by Gfrhard Mensch&Richard J. Niehaus.Skill Seekers: Black Youth, Apprenticeships and Disadvantage. By Gloria Lee&John Wrench.Authority and Participation in Industry. By Peter Brannen.Job Stress and Burnout: Research, Theory and Intervention Perspectives. Edited by Whiton Stewart Pain.Conditions of Work: A Cumulative Digest. Edited By Linda Stoddart.Bibliography of Periodicals on the Quality of Working Life.Relative Deprivation and Working Women. By Faye J. Crosby.Counselling People at Work. By Robert Ve Board.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY