摘要:

This paper examines the relative merits of main and interactive explanations of the effects of assembly‐line work on the job satisfaction, absence and mental health of a sample of women operators. In an empirical study, it was found that assembly‐line work had a direct effect on job satisfaction thus confirming previous findings for men. No effect was found for absence. There was an interaction effect of assembly‐line work on mental health. It occurred for those who felt their job denied them the opportunity to use their abilities, and who daydreamed for substantial periods of time. The role of daydreaming is interpreted as a personal predisposition to disengage cognitively. Social support was not found to have a moderating role for any of the dependent vari

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines some sources and manifestations of stress in two‐earner couples at different life‐stages. In all, 152 couples, who were parents, non‐parents or transitional between these two stages, participated in the study. There was little evidence that couples expecting their first child and intending to resume a two‐earner life‐style experienced anticipatory stress. Parents, especially mothers, experienced more pressures than non‐parents, but the negative impact of parenthood on well‐being was greater for fathers. Using multivariate analysis it was found that organizational, extra‐organizational and individual difference factors were associated with stress for all couples, but that different pressures were paramount for parents and non‐parents. Implications for practice and for future research in the a

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Assessment centre evaluations of candidates were analysed for evidence of assessor‐assessee sex effects. Results from this investigation revealed a significant main effect for assessee sex, favouring females over males, and a significant interaction effect between the sex composition of the assessor group and assessee sex. These results are compared with past empirical evidence and discussed in the light of current theor

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Measured mental and physical abilities of incumbents in selected US Navy jobs were compared with job requirements predicted using the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). A significant and meaningful pattern of correlations was found between commercially available PAQ attribute predictions derived from 25 Navy jobs and mental abilities measured using the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery. Additionally, significant relationships were found between physical strength requirements of 26 Navy jobs and PAQ‐based predictions of job requirements. The results support use of the PAQ to establish differences of ability requirements among jobs. Specific applications are discussed, including use of the PAQ in research on environmental stress, derivation of the manpower requirements for equipment systems and personnel placemen

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study investigated the impact of length of unemployment in two groups of unemployed men in Adelaide, South Australia. The two groups were selected so as to sample two different age ranges, 15 to 24 years and 30 to 49 years. Both groups completed scales concerned with job‐seeking activity, employment commitment, self‐esteem, psychological distress, use of time, and financial strain. The results indicated differences between the two age groups on some of these variables with more psychological distress, higher self‐esteem, and greater employment commitment reported by subjects in the older group. Correlations involving data for all subjects (both groups combined) showed that more financial strain, less time structure, less self‐esteem, and more psychological distress tended to accompany increasing length of unemployment but there was little evidence (apart from financial strain) that these relations were stronger for the older age group. In both groups employment commitment and financial strain acted as moderating influences on psychological distress. Results were related to findings from the Sheffield unemployment studies and it is suggested that future research involving different age groups would profit by more contact with theoretical frameworks and empirical findings from life‐span developmental p

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00264.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study explored the relationship between attributional style and mental health in a sample of 63 unemployed managers. Regression analysis indicated that managers who tended to make characterological attributions for negative events had poor mental health, as measured by the General Health Questionnaire, but managers making behavioural attributions (for positive and negative events) had better mental health. High expressed need for a job was also associated with poor mental health. The role of attributional styles as coping mechanisms is briefly discussed.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00265.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study represents an effort to determine the differential effects of age and education on perceptions of occupational attractiveness. A total of 463 respondents ranging from high school seniors to college seniors rated the attractiveness of 41 job dimensions. Results indicated significant independent effects for both age and education on attractiveness ratings. An analysis of covariance demonstrated that education had a significant effect while age did not, suggesting that education is the more important influence.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Unemployment: Personal and Social Consequences. Edited by STEPHEN FINEMAN.Industrial Relations and New Technology. By ANNETTE DAVIES.Technological Change, Rationalisation and Industrial Relations. Edited by oTTo JACOBI, BOB JESSOP, HANS KASTENDIEK&MARINO REGINI.Technological Change, Collective Bargaining and Industrial Efficiency. By PAUL WILLMAN.The Experience of Unemploymentby S. ALLEN, A. WATSON, K. PURCELL&S. WOOD.Trouble Brewing: A Social Psychological Analysis of the Ansell's Brewery Dispute. By DAVID P. WADDINGTON. Aldershot.New Technology and Human Error. Edited by J. RASMUSSEN, K. DUNCAN&J. LEPLAT.Risk and Decisions. Edited by w. T. SINGLETON&J. HOVDEN.Psychology in Business. By E. F. MCKENNA.Images of Organization. By GARETH MORGAN.Information Technology and People: Designing for the Future. Edited by FRANK BLACKLER&DAVID OBORNE.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00267.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY