摘要:

This paper examines the idea that in negotiation groups the balance between interparty and interpersonal exchange varies with time. It is shown that, in an industrial wage negotiation observed by one of the authors, negotiators from both sides became less identifiable in terms of party affiliation from one session to the next. Using a specially designed category system it is demonstrated that, in contrast to what occurs in problem‐solving groups, a negotiation group characteristically shows a reduction in conflict with time. Implications of these and other findings for theory and practice are briefly discusse

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The usefulness of job satisfaction measures in assessing job characteristics and in improving quality of working life is problematic. Public opinion polls and organizational surveys have shown high and stable levels of job satisfaction for many years, while signs of employee frustration and alienation have been increasing. Closer examination of this paradoxical finding leads to the conclusion that, whatever rigorous job satisfaction surveys are measuring, it is not the information needed to modify jobs and work in order to reduce employee frustration. To overcome flaws in the measurement of satisfaction for this purpose employees themselves need to be more involved in the measurement process. Recent experience with employee participation in action research on quality of working life is noted, and the extension and furtherance of this model is proposed.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The paper reports the results of an investigation conducted in 17 public corporations focusing on the relationship between role conflicts arising from divergent orientations among chief executives and board members, and feelings of role stress among the chief executives. Two types of role conflicts, person‐role and intersender role conflict, were related to three indices of role stress: ‘anomie’, ‘self‐role stress’, and ‘intersender role stress’. The findings indicate that the various types of role conflicts are differentially associated with the various indices of role stress. Among others it was found that intersender role conflicts, i.e. disagreements among the board members, are in some cases negatively associated with role stress among chief executives. The saliency of role conflicts and the degree to which they concern the day‐to‐day management of the corporation appear to be positively related to role stress amo

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An experiment was designed to test five hypotheses concerning managers' preparedness to use an electronic alternative to meeting face to face for a business discussion. Fifty civil servants were given experience using telecommunication for a small group discussion. They then considered nine hypothetical cases and for each case indicated whether they would use the telecommunication system they had experienced or travel to meet face to face. They were significantly more likely to choose in favour of telecommunication: the longer the journey involved in meeting face to face; and the shorter the expected duration of the discussion. The following factors had no significant effect on the decisions: whether or not the telecommunication system had a visual channel; whether access to the system was relatively convenient or inconvenient; and whether the subjects had previous experience of telecommunication systems. The practical and theoretical implications of the results are discussed.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a study of 551 initial graduate recruitment interviews, 103 interviewers provided a general evaluation of each interviewee. They also indicated how much they liked each applicant personally, and rated his intelligence. Fairly strong relationships were found between liking and overall evaluations, despite the fact that most interviewers did not expect to work with candidates personally. The relationship that was observed between ratings of intelligence and general evaluations was only slightly reduced when the effect of liking was held constant. This was interpreted as suggesting that there may be both affective and cognitive components in interviewers' evaluations of candidates. The possibility that interviewers allow their personal feelings about candidates to bias their judgement of them was also discussed.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines accident‐reporting and information‐processing systems associated with industrial accidents. Detailed analyses were made of semi‐structured interviews with personnel from a number of plants in the steel industry, supplemented by a wider ranging series of discussions in other industries and organizations. Some suggestions are made for dealing with a number of specific problems identified. The major problem revealed is a composite one, its essence being that accident‐reporting systems have not been designed as information systems, but have grown in a relatively unplanned way to meet individual needs and preferences as these arose. Criteria for a more effective accident‐reporting system are

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFour layouts for a questionnaire were designed and a comparison made between them in terms of cost of production, ease of completion, and speed of data retrieval and coding. The results indicated no significant differences in terms of speed of completion and coding, but that cost‐benefits would emerge for different layouts, particularly if traditional printing methods of production were employe

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Job Design. A Planning and Implementation Guide for Managers.By david birchall.Workplace Democratization.By paul bernstein.Night Work. By j. carpentier and p. cazamian.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY