摘要:

New instruments are described for the measurement of both job‐related and non‐job mental health. These cover two axes of affective well‐being, based upon dimensions of pleasure and arousal, and also reported competence, aspiration and negative job carry‐over. Baseline data are presented from a sample of 1686 job‐holders, and earlier uses of the well‐being scales are summarized. The instruments appear to be psychometrically acceptable, and are associated with demographic and occupational features in expected ways. For example, older employees report greater job‐related well‐being; occupational level is positively correlated with job depression‐enthusiasm but negatively associated with job anxiety‐contentment; depression‐enthusiasm is more predictable from low‐to‐medium opportunity for skill use and task variety, whereas anxiety‐contentment is more a function

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Assessees at two assessment centres (N= 117 andN= 157) completed personality inventories and aptitude tests. Correlations between personality attributes and assessment dimensions were generally low, and suggested that some attributes permitted competencies to be expressed in behaviour. Correlations between intellectual aptitude and dimensions were higher, with aptitude being related to the more cognitive dimensions. Implications for assessment centre practice are explored.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three industry populations representing a total of 58 organizations and more than 3000 individuals were surveyed to assess the influence of life‐style and health habits on stress outcomes. Results suggest a strong direct relationship between life‐style and health habits and stress outcomes. Contrary to hypotheses, life‐style and health habits did not consistently moderate, or ‘buffer’, the stressor‐str

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Role theory is used to test the notion that inter‐role conflict between work and non‐work spheres of life explains why men and women have been known to prefer different job attributes. Four job attribute factors were tested: intrinsic, career orientation, work conditions and parental support. Together with job level, all variables and their causal linkages were modelled in a path diagram. Multiple regression and path analysis were used to test the model. Questionnaires were distributed in northeast USA to married, employed parents, and usable responses were received from 155 males and 161 females. Results show that males and females differ on three of the four job attribute categories: career orientation (r= ‐.14,p<.01); work conditions (r= .31,p<.01); and parental support (r= .51,p<.01), and that females experience more role conflict than males (r= .38,p<.01). Role conflict explains in part why men and women differ on the parental support factor. However, job level, rather than role conflict, explains gender differences on the career orientation and work conditions fa

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although much research has been conducted in the area of organizational commitment, few studies have explicitly examined how organizations facilitate commitment among members. Using a sample of 291 respondents from 45 firms, the results of this study show that rigorous recruitment and selection procedures and a strong, clear organizational value system are associated with higher levels of employee commitment based on internalization and identification. Strong organizational career and reward systems are related to higher levels of instrumental or compliance‐based commitmen

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Steiner&Truxillo (1989) recently presented a study on the disaggregation hypothesis of the relationship between job and life satisfactions. The disaggregation hypothesis proposes that the relationship between job satisfaction and life satisfaction will be moderated by the importance of work to an individual's life. Previous research on the hypothesis (see Steiner&Truxillo, 1989) suffered from weaknesses in three areas which Steiner&Truxillo sought to correct: (1) a weak measure of life satisfaction, (2) an inadequate measure of the work value, and (3) a potentially weak statistical technique. The Steiner&Truxillo study remains an improvement on the first two areas; however, more recent evidence suggests that the statistical technique did not in fact require improving.In recent years, investigators of moderating effects have relied on ordinary least squares (OLS) regression approaches to test for the significance of such effects (see Cohen&Cohen, 1983; Zedeck, 1971). Disappointment both with the infrequency of detecting such effects and with the small size of effects detected (Cohen, 1969; Morriset al., 1986) prompted Morriset al.(1986) to propose an alternative strategy for conducting the analysis. The new procedure, referred to as principal components regression (PCR) is used to overcome multicollinearity problems encountered in regression analyses. Morriset al.proposed using the PCR procedure when multicollinearity was problematic in moderated regression analyses. In an effort to stay current with the latest developments in moderator regression analysis, it was the PCR approach that Steiner&Truxillo used as the statistical improvement in their study.Articles appearing subsequent to the Morriset al.piece and the preparation of the Steiner&Truxillo study have, however, convincingly argued that PCR provides an inaccurate analysis of moderator effects (Cronbach, 1987; Dunlap&Kemery, 1987). Therefore, Steiner&Truxillo's (1989) improved test was based on an incorrect analysis. The correct analysis, based on OLS moderated multiple regression analysis, was included in the article; however, those results indicated that the importance of work does not moderate the relationship between job and life satisfactions. This conclusion is contrary to the results based on the PCR procedure. Due to the strength of the correlation between job and life satisfaction in the Steiner&Truxillo data, the more straightforward spillover hypothesis, wherein job satisfaction and life satisfaction are positively related, appears to be better supported. This finding is consistent with a recent meta‐analysis on this topic (Tait, Padgett&Baldwin, 1989).Other moderators, particularly coping, as proposed by Steiner&Truxillo (1989), might prove more successful in future research than the work value was. The OLS procedure (see Cohen&Cohen, 1983, for a complete discussion) remains the technique of choice to analyse for moderator effects. But, as Cronbach (1987) pointed out, power to detect moderator effects appears limited. He encouraged further investigation into research methods that would be more sensitive to detecting moderator effects. Without more powerful approaches, significant moderators are likely to go undetected, thus discouraging researchers from studying the

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the extent of convergence among SDy estimates from three different techniques. As reported, the dollar‐based (Schmidt, Hunter, McKenzie&Muldrow, 1979) and performance‐based (Eaton, Wing&Mitchell, 1985) judgemental estimates were nearly equivalent to the precentage of salary SDy estimate (Hunter, Schmidt&Judiesch, in press). Close inspection revealed that these similarities were, in large part, attributable to the various measures of central tendency adopted by these procedu

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00527.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Manage Your Own Career.ByBen Ball.Putting Psychology to Work.ByStephen Newstead, Michael Miller, Eion Farmer&John Arnold.Managing Employee Absence for a Competitive Edge.ByAndrzej A. Huczynski&Michael J. Fitzpatrick.Life Management.ByLennart Meynert.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00528.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY