ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a prospective study of the ontogeny of the mucosal immune system using saliva, one subject acquired a selective IgA deficiency at 3 years 6 months of age. Prior to this time the infant had normal ontogeny patterns for salivary immunoglobulins and the salivary IgA was confirmed to be dimeric IgA containing secretory component. Two respiratory tract infections at 3 years 4 months and 3 years 5 months were reported prior to the collection of a saliva sample which was deficient in IgA. All subsequent saliva collections remained IgA deficient. Serum and saliva collected at 11 years of age confirmed persistent IgA deficiency. There was a family history of organ‐specific autoimmune disease. The prospectively collected data indicate in this subject that the IgA deficiency was not congenital, but was acquired closely associated with two episodes of respiratory tract infections, against a genetic background of disturbed immune regulatio

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

GM‐CSF induces proliferation and activation of Langerhans’ cellsin vitro.The density of Langerhans’ cells in human tumours is correlated to thein situdensity of GM‐CSF, and intradermal injection of GM‐CSF induces local accumulation of Langerhans’ cells. Therefore, we investigated the presence of GM‐CSF in the sera of children with Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis (LCH). We detected GM‐CSF in the sera of all children with disseminated and active LCH, but not in the sera of patients with localized (i.e. bone) LCH. These results suggest that GM‐CSF level is related to extent and

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Previous studies have shown that in cow milk allergy the specific immune response to dietary cow milk antigens is deficient. This study aimed at delineating the development of humoral immune response to cow milk antigens in healthy infants. Twenty‐five healthy newborns were enrolled, and seen at scheduled visits at the ages of three, six and eleven months, and they formed two groups: those breastfed and those fed adapted cow milk formulae. The local immune response in the gut was approximated using the ELISPOT assay of circulating antibody secreting cells. At the age of three months, in the formula fed group, cells secreting specific IgA to cow milk antigens were detected despite low levels of IgA serum antibodies. The total number of IgA secreting cells increased with age (p = 0.001). The milk in the infant diet directly influenced this development so that the age related increase was significantly greater in the formula fed group (p = 0.04). The results indicate that diet has a significant effect on the developing immune system, and that healthy infants are able to respond in an antigen specific fashion to dietary antigens, which may be central in attaining clinical tolerance of such antigen

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There now exists compelling evidence of a role for cell‐mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of adult asthma, but little information is available as to what extent this process participates in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. We hypothesised that asthma in children is associated with the activation of T‐lymphocytes whose products regulate, at least in part, the mobilisation and recruitment of eosinophils and thereby disease severity. Our aims, therefore, were to compare the expression of activation markers, including CD45 isoforms, on peripheral blood T‐lymphocytes from asthmatic and non‐asthmatic, allergic control children matched for age and atopic status, and to attempt to correlate the percentages of activated T‐lymphocytes in the asthmatics with the numbers of peripheral blood eosinophils and with disease severity. Seventeen children with moderate to severe chronic asthma were compared with 8 non‐asthmatic, allergic children matched for age and atopic status. Expression of the activation markers CD25, HLA‐DR and VLA‐1 and the CD45 isoforms CD45RA and CD45RO on peripheral blood CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes was measured using dual fluorescence flow cytometry. Peripheral blood eosinophils were measured using an automated laser cytometer. Asthma severity was assessed by a symptom score, spirometry and measurement of histamine PC20. The absolute numbers of eosinophils in the peripheral blood of the asthmatics were elevated as compared to the non‐asthmatic, allergic controls (p<0.01), whereas the absolute numbers of both CD4+and CD8+T‐lymphocytes were not significantly different. The percentages and absolute numbers of CD4+T‐lymphocytes expressing CD25 and HLA‐DR and CD8+T‐lymphocytes expressing CD25 also were significantly elevated in the asthmatics as compared with the controls (p<0.04 in each case). However, the percentages and absolute numbers of CD4+T‐lymphocytes expressing VLA‐1 and CD8+T‐lymphocytes expressing HLA‐DR and VLA‐1 did not significantly differ between the asthmatics and controls. Similarly, the percentages and absolute numbers of both CD4+and CD8+T‐lymphocytes expressing the CD45 isoforms CD45RA and CD45RO were not significantly different in the asthmatics and controls. In the asthmatics, the numbers of peripheral blood eosinophils correlated with disease severity as measured by histamine PC20(p = 0.02). The percentages of CD4+T‐lymphocytes expressing HLA‐DR correlated both with the numbers of peripheral blood eosinophils and with disease severity (histamine PC20(p<0.03)). In addition, the percentages of CD8+T‐lymphocytes expressing CD25 correlated positively with disease severity as measured by a symptom and therapy score (p = 0.03). Finally, the percentages of CD8+T‐lymphocytes expressing HLA‐DR correlated with histamine PC20(p = 0.03). These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that activated T‐lymphocytes play a role in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma at least in par

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00234.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The role of atopy in the development of asthma has become increasingly recognised. We have been prospectively following a birth cohort of children of atopic parents to document the development of atopic disease. Our aim in this study was to document the natural history of BHR and wheeze at 10 years of age and to relate this to atopy. We reviewed 47 of our original cohort of 79 infants at 10 years of age and documented their clinical history of atopic disease and performed allergen skin prick tests and BHR to histamine. Thirty‐three (70%) children wheezed at some time during their 10 years of life, with 13 commencing in infancy. Twenty‐two children (47%) had current wheeze at 10 years of age. Wheeze in infancy was a poor predictor (RR 1.23, Cl950.66–2.23) of current wheeze while wheeze commencing after infancy was a good predictor (RR 2.89, Cl951.45–5.2). In contrast both atopy in infancy (RR 2.94, Cl951.92–4.53) and current atopy (RR 3.58, Cl951.43–9.03) were strong predictors of current wheeze. Analysis of BHR confirmed the importance of atopy in predicting its occurrence and severity. Sensitisation to D. pteronyssinus appeared to be the strongest predictor of both current wheeze and BHR. These observations confirm the importance of atopy in predicting outcome in children with asthma and suggest that wheezing in infancy and wheezing in later childhood may have different pathogenetic

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00235.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four cases of infants with atopic dermatitis are reported. In all cases, a sensitization to peanut is demonstrated. Any ingestion of peanuts can be excluded, with the exception of a daily consumption of peanut oil, contained in milk formulas. Oral challenges with peanut oil induce a rash, and elimination of these brands is followed by the disappearance of eczematous lesions. The presence of residual allergenic proteins in peanut oil is thus suspected. Owing to the growing incidence of peanut hypersensitivity, the elimination of peanut oil from all milk formulas, food for babies, and ointments, seems to be highly advisable.

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00236.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00237.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0905-6157    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3038.1994.tb00238.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY