摘要:

ABSTRACTUsing data from a survey of directors of not‐for‐profit industrial development groups in the United States and from a variety of secondary sources, we test the hypothesis that the presence of an active industrial development group was a significant factor in the economic growth of its service area over the 1977‐to‐1982 period. The data permit us to control for different levels of organizational resources among growth promotion groups as well as other traditional factors of local economic change in a regression analysis. While growth promotion groups are judged to be effective in terms of the number of jobs that are created or preserved relative to their direct expenditures of resources, neither their presence nor the levels of their organizational resources are significantly related to service area net employment change. The efforts of growth promotion groups are simply overwhelmed in importance by factors such as population size, metropolitan accessibility, location in a growth region, and manufacturing wage rates that characterize the respective servic

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis article empirically examines whether variations in state environmental regulations have affected the location of manufacturing branch plants by the Fortune 500 companies. Using several measures of environmental regulation, no statistically significant effects of environmental regulation on business location are found. For most manufacturing industries, the estimates are precise enough to rule out the possibility of large effects of environmental regulation on business location. For highly polluting industries, however, the variance in the estimates is quite large. We cannot rule out the possibility of effects of environmental regulation on the location of highly polluting industries that are large enough to be important to policymakers.

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper specifies an unemployment rate model with relatively long lags on the manufacturing real wage and the level of real GNP as the independent variables. Estimates of the model for 12 MSAs in Pennsylvania over the period from 1975:2 to 1986:4 generally indicate a fairly strong positive unemployment response to lagged real wages. This is consistent with theoretical models of the labor market that hypothesize strong real wage effects during periods of aggregate supply shocks. The unique characteristics of the time period under study and the disaggregation to local labor markets might account for the fact that, in contrast to many previous empirical studies, we are able to uncover evidence of a positive real wage‐unemployment relationship in U.S. time series dat

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper gives a detailed description of the Turkish spatial hierarchy, tests certain aspects of the central place theory, and identifies the principles by which the hierarchy is organized.From the results of a country‐wide survey, a seven‐level hierarchy is identified. The system does not conform to any of the pure theoretical networks. The number of lower order satellites per center and the sizes and populations of the nested tributary areas vary both vertically and horizontally‐that is, both across and within levels in the hierarchy. The spreads around the means of center sizes in each level and the populations and sizes of tributary areas are too great to permit unequivocal statements about typical magnitudes of the variates. The trade areas of centers consist mostly of monopolistic zones of influence showing the effects of a centralized administrative system especially at the second and third levels of the hierarchy.Regression analysis reveals that different factors operate at different levels and with varying intensities in ordering the structure of the system with no one factor being predominant. Income per capita, the density of the road network, the nature of the terrain, the degree of spatial mobility, the structure of economic activity in rural areas, and the distribution of labor force by type of activity emerge as ordering the frequency of centers and the sizes of their nested tributary areas. The regression analysis also reveals that the hypothesized positive relationship between center size and complementary area population, although holding at the second and third order levels, breaks down at the first order, suggesting that first order centers are quasi‐central places, with primary activities as the dominant mode of their economies. These centers appear to serve themselves principally, and only secondarily their hinterlands. Possibly this results from a lack of connectivity with the settlements in their tributar

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDespite the fact that economic and demographic factors conventionally are considered to be integrally related, researchers have overlooked recent changes in the structure of the American economy that may have affected fertility in the United States. This article seeks to raise questions and explores the possibility that recent processes of industrial restructuring have created new employment patterns and socioeconomic conditions which have influenced American fertility positively. Specifically, conditions of underemployment and unemployment, generated by the service and manufacturing sectors, may be conducive to increased fertility.

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00476.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe South Central Louisiana Petroleum Economy received an economic rent from its petroleum resources during the energy crisis of the 1970s and early 80s. A differential export‐base model incorporating a geometric lag was developed for estimating dynamic employment multipliers. This technique is especially applicable to regional economies in which exports are a major economic factor. Employment multipliers were estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Results from the analysis indicate that agriculture, oil and gas mining, and manufacturing are highly significant employment generators. Both long‐run and short‐run employment multipliers were derived from the model. It is estimated that a five‐dollar change in the real price of crude oil will result in a long‐run employment change of 8,027 for the oil and gas mining industry. Based on estimates of the long‐run multiplier, this will result in a total employment change of 28,014 for t

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviews in this article:Federal, State, LocalFederal, State, Local J. Edwin Benton and David R. Morgan, edsPrivate Business in the Public SectorCalvin A. Kent, Ed.,Entrepreneurship and the Privatizing of Government

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY