摘要:

AbstractThe main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of factors associated with spontaneous pre‐term births so that the high risk woman could be identified before or at early stages of pregnancy. For this purpose, we have compared the measurements of 21 anthropometric traits and mean fluctuating asymmetry over 8 bilateral anthropometric traits, as well as age, occupation, education, previous obstetric history, complications during pregnancy, medicines received during and after pregnancy and some others in women who delivered babies of short (26–36 wk, n = 113 ind.) and normal gestational age (n = 103). Diseases and mean fluctuating asymmetry of eight morphological traits in the newborn infants themselves were also studied.Both univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out and these were in agreement, showing a highly significant increase in the morbidity rate (especially of respiratory diseases) among pre‐term infants and in complications during pregnancy in their mothers. Among other variables associated with the current pre‐term birth were previous spontaneous pre‐term births, suggesting their special risk value. The estimate of the sib correlation in gestational age on the liability scale was about 0.63. Spearman and Pearson correlations in gestational age for siblings were 0.34 and 0.31, res

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe analysis of nine Utah families that were ascertained for clusters of breast cancer cases is reported. Segregation analysis of an inherited susceptibility to breast cancer shows two distinct maximum likelihood solutions that have almost equal likelihood. One model indicates that most females had zero risk for breast cancer, but 10% of the female population had risks much greater than the Utah age‐specific incidence rates. The other model indicates that most females have a risk defined by the Utah rates for breast cancer, but a rare dominant gene is segregating for increased susceptibility to breast cancer. Our analysis shows that linkage results under the two models are consistent in sign but not in magnitude. No evidence for linkage was found with the 14 marker loci examined. In addition to demonstrating distortion of linkage results from ignoring sporadic cases, this analysis shows the inherent difficulty of obtaining parameter estimates for segregation analysis when families are ascertained from a cluster of case

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe population‐based Finnish Twin Cohort study was used to establish a heritability estimate for refractive errors especially for myopia. The twin cohort was derived from adult same‐sexed twins in Finland. The total number of twins with both members alive in 1984 was 23,570. Of these, 3,676 twin pairs were monozygotic, and 8,109 pairs dizygotic. The sample for the present study was linked from the Finnish Police Force data base in 1984, where information of a person's possession of a driver's license and the obligation to wear glasses for far correction when driving a motor vehicle is recorded. Correlations in liability were estimated according to a multifactorial method of Smith. Falconer's heritability was 0.62 among males and 0.98 among females in the age group 28–29 years. When compared to previous twin studies of myopia, the proband concordance rates were higher for both MZ and DZ twin

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA population‐based study of 7,049 index patients with multiple congenital abnormalities (MCA) born in Hungary during 1973–1982 was organized by the Hungarian Center for Congenital Anomaly Control. All clinically recognized syndromes and associations which were submitted (2,049) were accepted without any further follow‐up. New or supplementary information was requested in the case of unspecified MCA (320). A copy of detailed necropsy records was requested from pathologists in lethal cases (2,022). Following these steps, apparent but not true instances of MCA were excluded (399), and an attempt was made to assign as many of the remainder as possible in 17 well‐delineated MCA entities (900). The living index patients with severe MCA were referred where possible to the regional centers for evaluation (864). One hundred and seventy entities were identified, and seven cases were excluded as not representing MCA. In the so‐called 3,393 unidentified cases for which no diagnosis was possible, the component abnormalities were tabulated according to their number. The final count was 6,643 cases with MCA, which is equivalent to a birth prevalence of 4.0 per 1,000 total births, and to 10% of recorded cases with congenital anomalies. As a result of this program the proportion of recognized syndromes and associations among children with MCA increased from 29% to 47%. The accuracy of diagnoses has improved, e.g., the occurrence of unspecified cases decreased from 4

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370050301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY