ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubjects from a geographically defined population were screened for restriction fragment length polymorphisms linked to the apolipoprotein A‐I (apoaA‐I) gene locus. The polymorphic DNA fragments detected with anapoA‐IcDNA probe after digestion with the restriction endonucleases Sac I (S1andS2alleles), Msp I (M1andM2alleles), or Pst I (P1andP2alleles) were used to define polymorphic haplotypes. The uncommonS2M1haplotype was present in the leukocyte genomic DNAs of 6 of 22 (27%) subjects with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels in the lowest decile, in contrast to none of the 20 subjects with HDL‐C levels in the highest decile. With repeat determinations of the HDL‐C levels 10 years later, the levels of the subjects in the low decile group with theS1M1haplotype had regressed toward the population mean, while the regression was much less substantial for theS2M1group. The mean triglyceride (TG) level in low HDL‐C subjects with theS2M1haplotype was also higher than in those without it (295 vs 246 mg/dl), although not all of those with theS2M1pattern were hypertriglyceridemic. The prevalence of theP2allele was increased in a series of men with angiographically confirmed premature coronary artery disease (CAD) (P2present in 7 of 43) as compared to a group of age‐matched controls without CAD (1 of 36). There was no difference between these groups in the prevalence of theS2allele. These results suggest that a particular pattern ofapoA‐Ilinked genetic polymorphisms is associated with lower HDL‐C levels. This type of analysis will be useful in studies of the epidemiology of abnormal lipid states and may eventually provide a genetic marker to identify those at risk for early coronary artery disease (CAD) so that focused hygienic interventions can be e

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHeterogeneity among the spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) has been shown on clinical, biochemical, and genetic criteria. Among the autosomal dominant SCAs, several kindreds have shown loose linkage to the HLA loci on chromosome 6, while linkage in other kindreds has been rejected. The advent of multipoint linkage analysis allows the use of several marker loci simultaneously, thus increasing the amount of usable information. We have reanalyzed linkage data from a large kindred with SCA and provide evidence for a telomeric location of the SCA gene in this family. Knowledge of the relative gene location will ease the identification of the SCA gene by reducing the size of the chromosomal regions that must be examined.

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty‐one multiplex families, from published sources and new data from the National Cancer Institute, segregating for Hodgkin's disease and HLA, have been studied. A reanalysis of these data strongly suggests a recessive mode of inheritance for susceptibility to Hodgkin's disease. The HLA haplotype sharing data between affected relatives demonstrate that approximately 60% of cases in multiplex families are due to an HLA‐linked susceptibility gene, the remaining 40% being due to other familial factors. The data clearly support the hypothesis of etiological heterogeneity for Hodgkin's disease, with both HLA‐linked and HLA‐unlinked factors being responsible. Finally, there is an increased concordance of histological types between affected relatives, but this concordance seems independent of HLA

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuntington disease (HD) is a late onset autosomal dominant neurological disorder. Two hundred fifty‐three death certificates of HD‐affected individuals from four midwestern states were examined to determine the completeness of reporting HD on the death certificates. Overall, 66% of death certificates indicated HD as a primary or contributory cause of of death. There was significantly better reporting on more recent death certificates, but even since 1979, 16% did not report HD. The implications to those researching HD family histories and to the accuracy of mortality rates are discus

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe multiple regression analysis of twin data in which a cotwin's score is predicted from that of a proband (the member of a twin pair selected because of a deviant score) and the coefficient of relationship provides a powerful test of genetic etiology (DeFries and Fulker: Behav Genet 15:467–473, 1985). Moreover, when an augmented model containing an interaction term is fitted to the same data set, direct estimates of heritability (h2) and the proportion of variance owing to shared environmental influences (c2) are also obtained. In the present paper, the expected partial regression coefficients estimated from these models are derived, and the flexibility of the general approach is illustrated. An extended model is formulated for the analysis of data from combined samples of affected and control twin pairs that yields tests for differentialh2andc2in the two groups as well as pooled estimates of these parameters. The application of these models is illustrated by an analysis of data from reading‐disabled and control twin pairs. Because of the ease, flexibility, and utility of the multiple regression analysis of twin data, it is an appealing alternative to more traditional model‐fitting appro

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA genetic and epidemiological survey of non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was conducted among the Mexican Americans residing in three socio‐economically distinct areas of San Antonio, Texas: a low socioeconomic (SES) traditional area (barrio), a middle SES, ethnically balanced area (transitional), and a high SES, predominantly Anglo area (suburb). Seventeen polymorphic markers were used to relate the prevalences of NIDDM with the extent of Amerindian ancestry of 1,237 Mexican Americans of these three residential areas. While only theRHandhaptoglobinloci showed evidence of association with NIDDM, an admixture analysis of the combined allele frequency data revealed a pattern of decreasing NIDDM prevalence with increasing socioeconomic status (as approximated by neighborhood of residence) and a parallel decrease in Amerindian ancestry. The rank‐order correlation between NIDDM prevalence and Amerindian admixture is 0.943 (P<.001) for the crude prevalence rate and 0.829 (P<.02) for the age‐adjusted rate. Nested gene diversity analysis revealed that the heterogeneity of allele frequencies is more pronounced when individuals were classified by their NIDDM disease status as compared to the classification by neighborhood. Estimation of Amerindian ancestry of each individual did not reveal any significant change in the shape of the distributions of individual admixture proportions in diabetics as compared to the controls. Nevertheless, the results suggest that genetic factors partially explain the differences in NIDDM prevalence observed between the Mexican American and Anglo populations in the southwestern Unit

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBirth prevalences of congenital anomalies in the American Indians of British Columbia are compared with those of the total British Columbia population. This study is based on data from the British Columbia Health Surveillance Registry for a 16‐year period (1966–1981) judged to be the most reliable reporting period in the 35‐year history of the registry. The overall congenital anomaly frequency is lower in Indians than in the general population (45 versus 60 per 1,000 livebirths). The Indian rates for individual anomalies are lower than the corresponding general population rates with the exception of orofacial clefting and congenital heart defects. Defects of the central nervous system in both populations are comparable. There is a striking paucity of hypospadias, other anomalies of the genital organs and foot deformities in Indian males. It is suggested that the differences in the congenital anomaly rates between the American Indians and the non‐Indians of British Columbia may reflect genetic differences between the two groups, but differences in ascertainment and infant mortality probably also play

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370030601

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY