ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A strategy to promote night sleep was tested in 94 hospitalized 3− to 8-year-old children. Parents were not present at bedtime with the first three of four groups of children who: listened to a parent-recorded story, a stranger-recorded story, or did not listen to a recorded story. The fourth group had parents present at bedtime and the children did not listen to a recorded story. Hypotheses were tested with three dependent variables: a) length of sleep onset latency (SOL), b) incidence of distress, and c) self-soothing behaviors. Length of SOL on Night 2, adjusted for Night 1 length of SOL and observer, showed significant treatment effects. The parent-recorded story group had significantly longer SOL than the other three groups. The group with parents present at bedtime had significantly longer SOL than the no-story group which was not significantly different from the stranger-recorded story group. Distress behaviors on Night 2, adjusted for distress on Night 1, age, and observer, showed significant differences between groups. The parent-recorded story group had a higher incidence of distress behaviors than the other groups; the difference between the parent-recorded and the stranger-recorded group was significant. No significant differences between groups were seen in self-soothing behaviors.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of nonoscillating waterbeds on three indices of energy expenditure: activity level, heart rate, and behavioral state. Subjects were 22 healthy preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit who had reached 31–35 weeks postconceptional age, and whose average weight was 1,482 grams at the onset of the study. Infants were placed on a waterbed for 3 consecutive days and on a standard incubator mattress for 3 consecutive days. Infants served as their own controls on and off the waterbed. Treatment order was randomly counterbalanced. One-hour observations of activity and state occurring in conjunction with heartbeat counts were the repeated measures on each day over both treatment and control conditions. Infants experienced longer durations of quiet sleep, less active awake and fuss states, and fewer state changes and awakenings while on the waterbed. Heart rates were higher after infants were taken off the waterbed. The findings suggest that nonoscillating waterbed flotation is a simple, cost-effective intervention that reduces energy expenditure.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and duration of diarrhea associated with tube feeding in critically ill adult patients who require mechanical ventilation. Of the 73 subjects studied, 63% had diarrhea associated with tube feeding. This incidence is higher than that reported from other studies of critically ill patients who were not mechanically ventilated. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that three variables (higher rates of infusion, greater tube-feeding osmolality, and change of tube-feeding product) were statistically significant predictors of diarrhea incidence. Antibiotic use and serum albumin levels were not predictors. In a stepwise multiple regression analysis, the duration of diarrhea was predicted by frequency of diarrhea, within the first 5 days of tube-feeding onset, tube-feeding product osmolality, and rate of tube-feeding infusion. Serum albumin levels and frequency of diarrhea beyond 6 days of tube-feeding onset did not predict duration of diarrhea. Higher osmolality and infusion rates of tube-feeding products did contribute to prediction of both incidence and duration of diarrhea.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the axillary site for temperature measurement in the postoperative patient. Axillary electronic, axillary mercury, rectal mercury, and core body temperatures were obtained in 18 postoperative patients. Rectal temperatures correlated extremely well with core temperatures, r = .98, but on average were .5°C higher than core. Mercury axillary left in place for 10 minutes had the next highest correlation, r= .96, but on average were .2°C lower than core. Electronic axillary were the poorest indicator of core temperature, r = .92, and were on average .6°C lower than core. The correlation of -.64 between age and postoperative core temperature suggests that the elderly are most susceptible to hypothermia in a surgical setting.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to examine the effects of a comprehensive discharge planning protocol implemented by a gerontological nurse specialist as compared to the hospital's general discharge planning procedure. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in length of initial patient hospitalization or in rates of posthospital infections. A statistically significant difference was found when groups were compared on the number of subjects rehospitalized during the study period. The findings of this pilot study reinforce the need for continued study of the impact of comprehensive discharge planning for hospitalized elderly.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study is a replication and extension of research on the types of activities which contribute to patients' sense of control during their hospitalization. The original research involving two samples, each consisting of 30 medical-surgical patients in a military medical facility, revealed that in addition to being informed, patients found control through fulfilling the patient role, being involved in decision-making processes, and directing interpersonal and environmental interactions (Dennis, 1987). Through a similar use of Q-methodology, this sample of 30 adults, hospitalized with a greater diversity of medical-surgical diagnosis in a civilian medical center, demonstrated control-related perspectives that were similar to their military medical center counterparts. Information about diagnosis, treatment, and the lifestyle implications of the disease process was central to facilitating patients' sense of control. Data from the 90 subjects comprising all three subsamples across both studies were integrated through second-order factor analysis, a procedure unique to Q-methodology. This analysis clarified and confirmed four types of patient control orientations: patient role fulfillment, health care decision making, personal integrity preservation, and global self-determination.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID