ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study conducted an approximate replication of the Lindeman and Van Aeram study (1971) on a sample of 49 patents from a alrge metropolttan hospital. Factors controlled in this study that were not present in the original study included sample restrictions to patients of three surgeons with similar techniques and to patients having lower or upper abdominal surgery. Structured pre-operative teaching was conductged primarily by the principle investigator and associate and a check list was used to indicate that the patients could perform the deep breathing, coughing, and exercises. For this sample, using p = .05, structured pre-operative instruction improved significantly the ability of the patients to deep breathe and cough post-operatively as measured by pulmonary junction tests, Hypothesis I was supported. Structured pre-operative instruction did not reduce significantly the mean length of hospital stay and hypothesis II was not supported.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The study evaluated the effects of three routine nursing procedures-suctioning, repositioning, and performing a heelstick-oln blood oxygen levels in premature infants, using a transcutaneous oxygen (TcpO2) monitor. Twenty-five infants with respiratory distress syndrome were monitored for three hours during which all three procedures were performed. Continuous TcpO2records were used for measurement of baesline tcpO2, degree and duration of TcpO2changes, length of procedural time, and rest time prior to procedures. Data were analyzed to determine if TcpO2was altered during routine procedures, and if the degree of change was affected by length of procedure of length of rest prior to a procedure. Degree of TcpO2change was analyzed in relation to lenggh ot time taken to recover from procedure.TcpO2was decreased significantly during suctioning and repositioning but not during heelstick. The three procedures resulted in different degrees of change in TcpO2. suctioning elicited the greatest decrease, followed by repositioning then heelstick. Recovery time was related to the degree of change in TcpO2, suggesting that it was the type of procedure that determined infant response.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A field study focusing on men's experiences of first-time expectant fatherhood, including intensive interviews with 20 expectant coules, short field interviews with 80 additional fathers, participant observation in prenatal classes and clinics, and conternt analysis of popular literature was conducted for the purpose of description and generation of substantive theory. Interview and field data were analyzed using constant comparative analytic techniques for qualitative data. Evidence suggests a characteristic pattern of development of subjective emotional involvement in pregnancy among first-time expectant fathers. This pattern consists of three phases: an announcement phase, a moratorium and a focusing phase. The length of the second phase appears to be related to the man's perception of his own readiness for pregnancy. The father's speed of progression through these phases may affect later adjustment to fatherhood. Further testing and validation of these findings is indicated.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using a sample of 209 volunteer students between the ages of 18 and 25 from an urban university, the relationships betwen self-disclosure, interpersonal dependency, life changes, and lonelines were stdied. Respondents completed the Jourard 40-Item Self-Disclosure Questrionnaire, the Interpersonal Dependency Inventory, the Recent Life Change Questionnaire, and the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. Pearson productmoment correlation coefficients and miutiple regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Hypotheses were supported predicting an inverse relationship between self-dsclosure and loneliness (p < .005) and a positive relationship between interpersonal dependency and loneliness (p < .005). However, a positive relationship between life changes and loneliness was not supported. Data also supported the hypothesis that self-disclosure, interpersonal dependency, and life changes would account for greater variance in loneliness than any single variable alone (F(3,204), p < .01). From a stepwise multiple regression analysis, self-disclosure and interpersonal dependency together accounted for 17.4 percent of the variance in loneliness. Implications for nursing practice are discussed with particular emphasis on potential strategies for preventing loneliness.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Women's knowledge of breast cancer and their beliefs about susceptibility to breast cancer and benefits of breast self-examination were explored in relation to frequency of practice of breast self- examination. Previous findings indicated that knowledge and beliefs may affect the practice of preventive health behaviors. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 263 women contacted through sorotiy alumnae groups and Y.M.C.A. groups. Subjects were grouped according to levels of physical exercise (high, moderate, or none) and compared on knowledge and beliefs about breast cancer and breast self- examination (BSE) and practice of BSE. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis. Results showed women overestimated the prevalence of breast cancer but were correctly aware that most lumps are not malignant. They generally were uninformed of the risk factors of breast cancer, except for a positive family history of breast cancer. The majority perceived themsleves as strongly susceptible to breast cancer and almost all perceived BSE as beneficial in reducing the threat of death from breast cancer.Only 37 percent of the women practiced breast self-examinatin regularly. No significant relationship existed between knowledge or beliefs and frequency of performance of BSE. Nor were there any significant differences in frequency of practice between the exercisers and nonexercisers. It may be concluded from this study that knowledge of breast cancer, beliefs about brest cancer and breast self-examination or engaging in regular physical exercise as a preventive health behavior do not affect the practice of breast self-examination.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study investigated the establishment of a data base for use when assessing body temperature iin patients receiving aerosol therapy by face mask. Thirty subjects participated in two different treatment situations. Baseline temperature recordings were taken while subjects had heated aerosol administered through a standard face mask. Temperature recordings were repeated at oneminute and five-minute intervals after the mask was removed. Temperature recordings were repeated using cool aerosol treatments.An electronic thermometer was used for sublingual temperature recordings, and a polygraph with preamplifier and thermocouple interface was used to record changes in air temperature at the portal entry of the face mask. Constant monitoring of controlled ranges of aerosol temperature at the portal entry site allowed comparison of data during treatment. Significant effects were reported for both the cool and heated aerosol treatments. A comparison of mean baseline temperature with temperatures obtained at the measurement intervals yielded no change greater than three-tenths degree centigrade. This investigation suggested that a statistically significant change in oral temperature with treatments took place but there is relatively litle clinically significant change in oral temperature due to aerosol temperature's influence.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study reported the results of a content analysis of primetime television portrayals of nurses and nursing over the past three decades with attention to scope of nursing practice, career orientatio nof nurses, nursing actions, and nurses impact on patient welfare. The sample was 320 episodes from 28 series. The findings showed that nurses were depicted as working a acute care settings, entering nursing for altruistic reasons, predominantly acting as a resource to other health professionals, not using problem-solving and evaluation skills, deficient in administrative abilities, and remiss in providing physical comforting, engaging in expanded role activities, patient education and scholarly endeavors. Since the 1960s the trend in the quality of nurse portrayals has been downward. This has created a current crisis in communicating the world of nursing to the public via the most powerful form of mass communication, television.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID