ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Relationships of various aspects of on-the-job performance to personal history, personality, and ward administrative climate were studied in 1,018 nurses from 31 Veterans Administration hospitals. A 152-item intercorrelation matrix evidenced relationships among criterion and predictor varibales. First-level performance ratings had more significant correlations with administrative climate. Second-level performance ratings had a greater number of significant correlations with California Psychological inventory (CPI) Sclaes. High-performing staff nurses generally had higher CPI profiles which reached significance for social presence, sense of well-being, responsibility, tolerance, achievement via conformance, and intellectual efficiency (p = .05). High-performing staff nurses described their head nurses as interrupting themselves to help patients and staff, explaining reasons for criticisms mad of staff, not curbing discussions of their decisions, eating with their staff, complimenting staff, using mistakes as teaching opportunities, trying hard to give patients quality care, and not becoming annoyed with problem patients (p = .05). A cross-validation procedure applied after the group had been divided into two sections identified factors in personal history which were consistently associated with various aspects of successful nursing performance.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Data on 102 outpatients who underwent diagnostic x-ray examinations, of whom 50 were scheduled for barium enema and 52 for intravenous pyelogram examinations, were collected over a ten-week period in an attempt to determine what constitutes a properly prepared bowel. This data consisted of ratings (poor, fair, good, or excellent) of scoul and study films, of information gathered from telephone interviews conducted with outpatients a week or two postexamination regarding the patient's preparation for the examination, and of information gathered from the patient's medical records regarding personal and medical health status. A distribution analysis and two stepwise regression analyses were performed on this data. Stepwise regresssion analysis I included the ratings of ths scout films but not the study films while the opposite was true for regression analysis 2. These stepwise regression analyses selected the following variables as the best predictors of the ratings of how clean the bowel appeared on the x-ray: the amount of time enema water was retained, the patient's method of elimination, the number of enemas taken, the administering person's knowledge of enema technique, the patient's medication history, and the volume of enema water retatined. However, these analyses did not account for all of the variance of the ratings of the x-ray films. Several possible sources of the unaccounted variance were offered. Some interesting implications for an experiment concerning the variables that affect the preparation of the bowel emerge from the explanations of the unaccounted variance, as well as the positive findings of the stepwise regression analyses, the distribution analysis, and previous studies. Present and past findings point to the need for an experiment which: I) uses x-ray rating scales and raters whose reliability has been established, 2)systematically varies the administering person's knowledge of enema technique-with emphasis on the slow administration and sufficient retention of enema solution, 3) varies the type of rectal bowel-cleansing agent employed, and 4) controls other relevant varibles identified in this exploratory investigation.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To explore possible relationships between the incidence of phlebitis in continuous intravenous (IV) infusions and the size and material of the catheter or needle, site of the infusion, type of solution, rate of flow of the infusion, and duration of the infusion, 29 adult patients were observed for symptoms of infusion phlebitis twice a day during the course of their IV therapy, from the initiation of the infusion of the onset of phiebitis or three days following the discontinuation of the infusion. A therminstor was used to measure skin temperature and aid in diagnosing phlebitis, Phlebitis was observed in nine of 26 patients who did not receive anticoagulants and in one of three patients who received drugs. Significant relationships were found between the incidence of phlebitis and eight-inch catheters as compared to shorter catheters and three-quarter-inch needles, polyethylene catheters as compared to Teflon catheters and steel needles, longer infusions, and slower infusion flow rates.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To test a method of studying incidence of preschool morbidity, based on absences from school among 34 three-, four-, and five-year-olds at a child study center on a university campus from January to 15 May 29, 1968, the parent was contacted and a questionnaire was administered on the first day of the child's absence and on every third school day thereafter until the child recovered. A household informant of the 23 families of the children also was questioned to study clustering of illness surrounding, by a two-week period, the child's first day of absence during the month of March. Of the 153 absences reported, 87 resulted from illness. One epidemic of a communicable diseas, mumps, occured during the study period. Findings are reported for number and percentage of symptoms as perceived by the parent; types and distribution of illnesses in the children; person-days at risk, incidence, and duration of illnesses by age, sex, school year, family groups, and child's physician; incidence and duration of illnessed by month; distribution and duration of illness according to type of care; standard incidence ratios for family groups; and incidence and distribution of illness by family functioning. The questionnaire used in the study was found to be practical and valid, but the method of studying clustering of disabling illness within families was not recommended.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A study of attitudes towards abortion of 97 caregivers and of perceptions toward the nursign care they received of 63 abortion patients and 55 gynecological (nonabortion) patients in two Denver hospitals during a six-month period revealed differences in the attitudes of the two staffs as well as differences in the patients' perceptions of nursing care. In the hospital in which staff members viewed abortion less favorably, abortion patients perceived the nursing care as less satisfactory. Nonabortion patients rated the nursing care the same in both hospitals. Implications of these findings for nursing education and nursing practice are discussed.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of providing immediate and delayed videotape feedback on 72 sophomore nursing studnts' achievement of skill in performing a nursing procedure (subcutaneous injection) was investigated. Grade point average (GPA) and critical thinking ability related to feedback modifications were independent variables delineated for the study, as high critical thinking ability and GPA were thought to be pertinent factors in achievement. One hypothesis, that delayed feedback would enable students to achieve the highest scores, was not supported. But the hypothesis, that the autotutorial approach would be more effective than the conventional teacher discussion-demonstration in increasing the performace of the skill needed to give a subcutaneous injection, was supported. While the study failed to provide evidence that either immediate or delayed feedback significantly influenced performance, it did indicate that students with high critical thinking ability performed better than those with low. There were no significant effects for GPA levels.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study tested the generality of industrial-based research on Maslow's need theory in a hospital setting. Four hypotheses relating need satisfaction to organizational position and job performance were tested among 39 professional and 41 paraprofessional employees of a medium-sized hospital. Professional nurses reported significantly higher satisfaction with their job security, prestige within the organization, and job autonomy than did paraprofessional employees. Job performance was significantly correlated with the fulfillment of self-actualization needs for professional employees. The implications of these findings for administrative policy ar discussed.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1972

数据来源: OVID