ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The hypothesis tested was that discrepancy between expected and experienced physical sensations (what is felt, seen, heard, tasted, and smelled) during a threatening experience will result in distress. The subjects were 84 children, 6 to 11 years of age, male and female. The threatening experience was orthopedic cast removal. Tape recorded preparatory information was used to vary systematically expectations about physical sensations. The children were randomly assigned to one of three information groups: 1) sensory information which described the sensory experience during cast removal, 2) procedure information which described the steps of the experience, 3) control group which heard no tape recorded information. Nonverbal and verbal signs of distress reactions and the pulse rate were observed during cast removal. Signs of distress were scaled from zero to two, with zero meaning no distress behaviors and two, high distress behavior. A two-factor analysis of variance (two levels of pre-fear and three levels of information) was used for analysis. As hypothesized, the mean distress score for the sensation group (.50) differed significantly from the control group mean (1.00,p< .025). The procedure group distress score mean (.71) fell between the sensation and control group means but did not differ significantly from the control group mean. The no pre-fear group distress score mean (.52) was significantly lower than the some pre-fear group mean (1.00,p< .02). Mean pulse rate changes for information groups for before to during cast removal were in the same order as the distress scores, but the differences were not statistically significant. The findings were similar to those from other tests of the hypothesis.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Experiences of female Army nurses—their devotion to duty, contributions, and successes as well as their trials, tribulations, and sufferings—during the Spanish-American War and afterwards are described. How service by the heroines of ’98 led to a change of attitude by the Army Medical Department is sketched. At the beginning of the War with Spain, the Medical Department had been reluctant to use female nurses; by the end of the war, the nurses had so demonstrated their value that Congress established permanent Army Reserve Nurse Corps.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ninety-two pregnant and nonpregnant patients were randomly selected from two obstetric—gynecologic clinics for the purpose of investigating factors that affect the incidence and severity of vaginal candidiasis. Six factors were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of Candida albicans: drug addiction, obesity, birth control pills, pregnancy, antibiotic therapy, and diabetes mellitus.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using the Delphi technique, a panel of 433 nurse and nonnurse experts was surveyed regarding priorities for clinical research in nursing. Of these, 341 completed all four Delphi survey rounds. Three questions were studied: 1) Is this an area in which nursing should assume primary research responsibility? 2) How important is research on this topic for the profession of nursing? 3) What is the likelihood of change in patient welfare because of research on the topic? Although the nature and amount of data produced prohibited interpretation of the data or delineation of succinct conclusions about priorities for clinical nursing research, responses to the three questions supported these statements: The majority of research areas identified in the questionnaire are areas in which nursing should take research leadership. Although there is some overlap, priorities for professional significance and social or patient welfare relevance are different. In terms of professional significance, highest priority was given to items regarding measuring the quality of care, role, nursing process, and the research process. In terms of patient welfare, several programs of research are discernible in the items ranked in the top ten percent; these include nursing interventions related to stress, care of the aged, pain, and patient education. The Delphi technique also is described.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To examine variables which may temper life change and enable individuals to withstand high degrees of life change without developing illness, a questionnaire was mailed to a systematically selected sample of the residents of Renton, Washington, of which 548 (57 percent) were returned. The major statistical analysis was linear correlation and multiple regression. When relationships between the major variables—health habits, social assets, psychologic well-being, and life change—and the dependent variable—alterations in health status—were examined, the single best predictor of subsequent alterations in health status for respondents in this study was found to be the magnitude of the life change. As the life changes increased, the risk of becoming ill also increased. The notion that health habits, psychologic well-being, and social assets might temper life change and make it possible to avoid a change in health status was not borne out strongly in the results of the analysis of data. These variables were weakly associated, however, with maintenance of health status.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To evaluate effectiveness of three commonly suggested methods of preparing the breasts for breastfeeding—nipple rolling, application of cream, and expression of colostrum—57 women volunteered to prepare one breast and not the other. One-third of the group used one each of the three methods. After delivery, the women completed data sheets on the subjective tenderness of both breasts, and an investigator visited them to evaluate objective measures of nipple irritation. When the treated and untreated breasts were compared, no significant differences in either objective or subjective measures of nipple sensitivity or trauma were found in any of the three groups. These findings imply that these traditional methods of preparing the breasts for breastfeeding are ineffective.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1975

数据来源: OVID