ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of nonnutritive sucking (NNS) on behavioral organization and feeding performance in preterm infants. Thirteen preterm infants were observed at four bottle-feedings, two of which involved treatment with prefeeding NNS. NNS had a positive effect on oxygen saturation and behavior state, as well as on the initiation and duration of the first nutritive suck burst.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Psychometric properties of the H & H Lactation Scale, based on the Insufficient Milk Supply (IMS) conceptual framework, were examined in two separate studies. The two convenience samples consisted of 110 mothers of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants and 120 mothers of healthy term infants. Both groups planned to breastfeed and were actively breastfeeding or pumping to maintain a milk supply. Subscales identified by factor analysis measured three concepts: maternal confidence/commitment to breastfeeding, perceived infant breastfeeding satiety, and maternal-infant breastfeeding satisfaction. All subscales showed moderate to high internal consistency (alphas .75 to.98) as well as concurrent and predictive validity. The total scale and the three subscales were prospectively, significantly related to level of breastfeeding 8 weeks after delivery with both groups of mothers.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A model was tested to assess children's preoperative coping with major orthopedic surgery and how coping is related to two different postoperative outcomes, anxiety and return to normal activities. Ninety children, ages 8 to 17, participated. Data were collected the day before surgery, the second postoperative day, and at 3-, 6-, and 9-month recovery periods. A respecified model was not significantly different from the data(p =.90), indicating a good fit. Children who were older, more anxious, and more internal in locus of control exhibited more vigilant coping. Avoidant coping was associated with less anxiety 2 days postoperatively, and vigilant coping was associated with return to normal activities over the course of recovery.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to explore, using grounded theory, the process experienced by parents who are dealing with the first recurrence of cancer in their child. The sample of 33 guardians (27 mothers, 1 grandmother, and 5 fathers) was drawn from three pediatric oncology settings. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and medical record review. Thirteen parents were interviewed to validate first the evolving and, later, the complete study findings. Four interactive components emerged: regulating shock, situation monitoring, alternating realizations, and eyeing care-limiting decisions. The overall organizing construct induced from these components was labeled "coming to terms." This construct represents the parents' efforts to overcome shock and despair to make wise decisions about treatment while accepting that the outcome is beyond their control, and to help their child have the optimal chance for cure while preparing for the child's possible death.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Gender-related effects and two measures of muscularity, bandgrip strength and fat-free mass (FFM), were examined to determine their relationship to respiratory muscle strength. Subjects were 101 healthy older adults. In 75 subjects, the magnitude of learning effect was examined over four weekly sessions. Maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) was lower with increasing age in women, and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax) was lower with increasing age in both genders. The PEmaxcorrelated with bandgrip strength and FFM in men only. Performance of PImaxplateaued by the third visit in both men and women. Performance of PEmaxplateaued by the third measure in women and was unchanged across four measurements for men.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of the study was to test a midrange model of caregiver stress mediation based on Modeling and Role-Modeling theory. Perceived support and self-worth were examined to determine if these self-care resources had a mediating effect between stress and well-being in caregivers of cognitively impaired adults. The sample of 117 caregivers completed measures of basic need status, perceived support, self-worth, stress, and well-being. There were significant correlations among the study variables in the expected directions. Resources mediated the relationship between stress and well-being, providing tentative support for theoretically proposed linkages.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of ancillary personnel to augment nursing staff, a recurring theme in the history of nursing. The focus was the use of untrained nursing personnel in Great Britain during the years 1914-1918. The findings demonstrate both the nature and extent of dilution within nursing and its effects in terms of social relationships and occupational structure.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article reports a meta-analysis of 84 studies of quality of life(QOL) in cardiac patient populations published in the 5-year period 1987-1991. Selected methodologies and substantive characteristics of the studies are described. An overall effect size of .31 indicated a small but significant positive effect of pharmacologic, mechanical, surgical, nursing, or other treatment on QOL. No negative effect of treatment was found for any cardiovascular diagnostic category. Homogeneity analysis revealed eight potential moderators of the overall effect size: quality of study, gender of sample, time dimension, sampling method, intervention, marital status of subjects, quality-of-life dimension measured, and sample size.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID