ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The initial steps in theory development and testing are analysis, theoretical development, operational definition, and measurement of concepts. For nursing models to be useful in research, practice, and education, their concepts should be treated as such. This paper presents the first three of such steps using the Behavioral Systems Model for Nursing. The steps of measurement and verification will be presented in subsequent papers inNursing Research.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study reported on a sample of 294 first-time mothers. Fifty-six women who delivered by cesarean birth perceived their childbirth experience more negatively than those who delivered vaginally. However, the type of delivery accounted for only 1% of the variance when entered with 24 other psychosocial and obstetrical variables for stepwise multiple regression analysis. Mate emotional support contributed 20% and early maternal-infant interaction contributed 9.8% of the variance, with total positive self-concept, fewer medical complications, informative support, instrumental support, and type of delivery accounting for the remainder of the total 39%.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A study of 57 married couples and their normal-term firstborn infants investigated (a) if parents' perceptions are related to behavior of infants and (b) if a structured interaction of parent with infant positively influences parents' perceptions of their infant. Mothers, fathers, or parents in three experimental groups participated in a structured interaction with their infants. Parents and infants in a control group received no structured interaction. The interaction consisted of the parents assessing their infant using the Mother's Assessment of the Behavior of Her Infant (MABI). Infants' behaviors were measured with the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) and parents' perceptions with the Neonatal Perception Inventories (NPI). There was no relation between infant behavior and parental perception. The factor structure of NBAS items was similar to that found by other investigators. The structured interaction differentially affected perception scores of mothers at Time 2 (F3, 53=3.96,p= .013). Perceptions of mothers and fathers achieved some congruence over time (Time 1,r= .18,p= .189; Time 2,r= .45,p= .001; Time 3,r= .41,p= .002). Seven other variables contributed more to variance in mothers' than fathers' perceptions.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of infant behavior on the transition to parenthood were examined. The primary interest was the relationship between the amount of obligatory infant behavior (behavior that required action on the part of the parents) and the parents' perceptions both of their transition to parenthood and of their infant in terms of an “average” baby. The concepts of normative change, parental perceptions of role competence, and parental self-esteem were examined as intervening variables.Data were collected in the last trimester of pregnancy and at one month after delivery. Findings indicated that the amount of obligatory infant behavior does have an effect on the ease of transition to parenthood and on both parents' perceptions of the infant. The relationships in the research model were found to be better supported for mothers than for fathers, but most of the predicted relationships were supported for both. Fathers experienced less normative change than mothers, and made an easier transition. Mothers, on the other hand, reported higher self-perceptions of role competence.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The overall objective of this preliminary investigation was to determine whether breathing patterns of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease could be altered by training patients to voluntarily change their breathing, using techniques of biofeedback training. The specific aims were (1) to develop a method of monitoring respiratory rate and tidal volume with a device that was both accurate and usable without discomfort or inconvenience to the patient; (2) to use the method with patients having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to determine whether respiratory rate could be slowed by voluntary controls; and (3) to determine whether patients who could slow their breathing rate would increase their tidal volume and demonstrate other respiratory changes.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The study compared three nonpharmacologic measures—compression binder, standardized support bra, and fluid limitation—and one widely used pharmacologic preparation—bromocriptine mesylate—in preventing and controlling postpartum breast engorgement. Women receiving bromocriptine mesylate experienced less breast engorgement, pain, and leaking of colostrum and milk than did women in any of the nonpharmacologic treatment groups (P≤ .05). Women using a compression binder experienced less leaking than women using the bra or fluid limitation. There was no significant difference in the incidence of reported pain between the three nonpharmacologic groups. However, pain subsided more rapidly in women using the binder. Irrespective of treatment, the highest incidence of breast pain occurred between the third and fifth days postpartum, currently the immediate postdischarge period for newly delivered women.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID