ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which demographic variables and attachment predicted quality of life in community-dwelling older men. The subjects were 100 men aged 58 to 84 (M = 68.4). Hierarchical regression revealed that two demographic variables, plus the attachment variable, accounted for 30% of the variance in predicting quality of life. Having no limiting health condition accounted for 17% of the variance, while education accounted for an additional 5% of the variance. The attachment total score accounted for an additional 8% of the variance in predicting quality of life.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Data from a longitudinal clinical trial funded by the National Institute of Aging, testing the effects of staff education and consultation on restraint reduction in nursing homes, were used to examine disturbing behaviors in institutionalized elders and to identify related environmental and personal characteristics. Subjects were 586 residents from three well-matched nursing homes. Kayser-Jones's (1989) model on environment and quality of life in long-term care institutions served as the organizing framework. Data on disturbing behaviors from the Psychogeriatric Dependency Rating Scale were factor analyzed. Three factors, Agitated Psychomotor Behaviors, Aggressive Interpersonal Communication, and Expressive Difficulty, emerged from the principal factor analysis and accounted for 35% of the variance. The Kayser-Jones model partially explained Agitated Psychomotor Behavior (R2= .22). A model comparison approach indicated that the addition of an organizational variable, staff mix, significantly increased the amount of variance explained over and above that contributed by the personal variables.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One hundred seventeen men whose partners had experienced a low-risk pregnancy (LRM) and 61 men whose partners had been hospitalized during pregnancy for an obstetrical risk (HRM) were studied to determine whether they differed in paternal role competence from the time of their partners' early postpartal hospitalization to 1, 4, and 8 months after birth. No differences were found between LRM and HRM in paternal role competence, and their trajectory of paternal competence did not differ. During the 1-month and 8-month postpartal period, paternal competence increased from 76.07 to 77.14 for HRM and from 77.21 to 78.29 for LRM. From 15% to 34% of the variance in paternal competence was explained among HRM, and from 41% to 44% was explained among LRM. Anxiety was the major predictor of paternal role competence for HRM, and sense of mastery and depression were major predictors for LRM.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Limited information exists concerning health behaviors of African American women. The purposes of this study were to describe health-promoting lifestyle behaviors among a sample of 187 African American women and to compare finding to other published reports on the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) instrument. Subscales with the highest means in this study were interpersonal support and self-actualization. However, when compared to reports of HPLP scores for other groups, total HPLP and subscale scores of women in this study were generally lower. Readability and applicability of the HPLP instrument may affect its validity and reliability in a diverse sample.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of physiologic status, coping, and hardiness to exercise ability and functional status in 96 adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise ability was measured by the distance walked in 12 minutes (12MD) and functional status by the Pulmonary Functional Status Scale (PFSS). The mean FEV1and FVC were 1.61 ± .81 and 3.08 ± .95 L, respectively. The commitment (r =-.18) and challenge (r = -.21) components of hardiness were significantly correlated with the 12MD. The commitment component of hardiness was significantly correlated with functional status (r =-.17). Control was not a significant variable. Physiological status, problem-solving coping, and challenge were the best predictors of exercise ability (R2=.26). Physiological status and commitment were the best predictors of functional status (R2=.149).

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The meaning of stressful life experiences was explored in 14 children, 9 to 11 years of age, using the phenomenological method. Data from audiotaped interviews were analyzed using the methodological approach of Giorgi. The children identified 17 categories of situations concentrated within three principal dimensions: feelings of loss, feelings of threat to self, and feelings of being hassled. The participants indicated that experiences related to loss, although infrequent, were of great consequence in their lives. The interviews demonstrated the frequency of situations that evoke feelings of threat to self or create hassles in children's lives.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The psychometric properties of the revised Breast-Feeding Attrition Prediction Tool, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, were examined in this study. The sample consisted of 201 postpartum women who planned to breast-feel at least 8 weeks. Four scales identified by factor analysis measured the three TPB constructs. All scales sbowed moderate internal consistency (alphas .79 to .85). Two scales distinguished between women with and without prior breast-feeding experience (p

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Mother-infant pairs were assessed during postparium for maternal role and identity and a variety of infant and sociodemo-graphic characteristics. When children were school age (8 to 10 years), 77 of the original 124 mothers returned a mail survey that assessed children's social competence and behavioral problems. After controlling for socioeconomic status, neither perceived nor demonstrated role attainment predicted child outcomes. Only a subset of the maternal identity indicators predicted children's social competence and behavior problems at 9 years, and these relationships were few and modest in magnitude. Overall, little support was found for the long-term predictive power of maternal role indicators measured during postpartum.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to test a theoretical model of confirmation of expectations for mutual support after childbirth and to evaluate an intervention given in prenatal classes during which prospective parents clarified their expectations. Results provided support for the proposed model in that parents with greater confirmation of expectations were found to have more positive relationship satisfaction, emotional affect, and parenting attitudes. Differences in men and women emerged that demonstrated that confirmation of support expectations was more important to women, while the level of support actually received was more important to men. The prenatal class intervention did not significantly affect parent outcomes.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID