ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study compared the perceptions of problematic behavior and the suggested management of those behaviors by six minority groups and mental health professionals. Minority respondents (N = 159) included Chinese-Americans, Mexican-Americans, Filipino-Americans, Native-Americans, Black-Americans, and Appalachians. Mental health professional respondents (N = 68) were from Pennsylvania, Louisiana, and California. All respondents were interviewed using a structured interview schedule. Groups were compared on responses to 10 vignettes. There were significant differences between minority and mental health professional groups, both in the labels placed on problematic behaviors and in the suggested management of the behaviors. The relationship of sample variables to response revealed that minority group status was the strongest descriptor of group response.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Value Orientations is the term used for a theoretical construct and its cultural assessment tool that was developed by Florence Kluckhohn in the 1950s. The tool, tested in rural and urban areas, has been useful in identifying the dominant and variant values and beliefs that characterize groups. This paper describes the tool, its theoretical underpinning, and data analysis techniques with the Annang of Nigeria as an example of how the tool is used in context of a single culture. In addition, use of the tool with individual clients to establish possible areas of culture conflict in values is examined.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) is a tool widely used by nurses in advanced countries for screening developmental delays in children. In a pilot study involving African children from age one month to six years in urban and suburban areas of Ibadan, Nigeria, results of screening with this tool identified many apparent delays in children from two to four years old in the area of language acquisition. It is probable that family background, in addition to sociocultural environment, may be responsible for most of the delays. A large-scale study to standardize this useful screening instrument to the norms of children in developing countries is suggested.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study aimed to establish Metro-Manila (Philippines) norms for the Denver Developmental Screening Test and to determine the characteristics of children whose scores are normal and those whose scores are abnormal or questionable on the test. The subjects were 6,006 children from 4,846 households of Metro-Manila. Probit analysis established the ages at which 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of the sample passed each of the 105 test items. Discriminant analysis showed four clusters of factors that were significantly associated with children's performance. These were a substitute-care-giver variable cluster, a mother variable cluster, a child-situational variable cluster, and an age variable cluster.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Before crying, newborns exhibit oral cues. This study determined time and behavior between first oral cue and first sustained cry (2 minutes of crying) in 15 clinically normal infants postbirth (mean age 64 minutes).Mean minutes cue to cry was 31. Mean tonguing frequency was 108; hand-to-mouth (70); hand-passing-mouth (57); whimpering (49); rooting (19); empty sucking (14); startle (6); yawn (3); and sneeze (2). Mean minutes of intrinsic mouthing was 2.9; digit sucking (1.6); tongue sucking (1.2); sucking hand (1.1); fussing (1.0); and no cues (3.4). Mean minutes of crying was 1.1; hard crying (0.9). Mean longest single cry was 25 seconds. Mean inter-cry interval was 2 minutes. Crying occurred 13% of the time.During the physiologically critical period postbirth, responses to cues, rather than demands (cries), might prevent crying, decrease physiologic compromise, and foster appropriate care giver-infant interaction. This may enhance physiologic-psychosocial development.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The CICI: PQ—Chronicity Impact and Coping Instrument: Parent Questionnaire—was developed to determine the impact of a child's chronic illness on parents and how parents cope with the impact. This article describes the development of the CICI:PQ and the results of three pilot studies to increase the instrument's reliability. Hoyt's coefficient of reliability for the total instrument is .95. The CICI:PQ is useful to health professionals working with chronically ill children and their families and to researchers interested in the same population.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This research was designed to identify anticipated and actual postpartum concerns about the marriage relationship during the period of transition to parenthood. It also investigated: (1) the accuracy of prediction of postpartum concerns by the prenatal group; (2) states of consensus within the marital dyad regarding the importance of postpartum concerns; and (3) the relationship between communication about the concerns and the relative importance of concerns. Twenty-two couples expecting their first child were randomly assigned to either the prenatal or postpartum interview groups. Husbands and wives individually rank-ordered 35 postpartum concerns from Most Important to Least Important and estimated how their spouses would rank the concerns. Husbands and wives also indicated the three concerns they discussed the most and the three they discussed the least. Couples tended to discuss most often those concerns they ranked most important. However, there were only moderate levels of agreement on the importance of concerns, discrepancies between perceived agreement and actual agreement, and low to moderate levels of accuracy in estimating the importance of concerns for spouses.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether social support and stress influence maternal discipline of the six-month to three-year-old child with a developmental delay. Ninety-one mothers completed self-administered measures of support, stress, and discipline. Results of multiple regression analyses revealed that the stress and support interaction variable showed a strong trend (p< .09) in predicting restrictive discipline. The failure of the independent variables, social support and stress, to have significant main effects appeared to be due, in part, to the multicollinearity (r= -.51,p< .001) of these variables.For subsequent analyses, stress was used as a categorization variable. The total number of subjects was categorized first into two subgroups using a median split—high or low maternal stress—and into two other subgroups based on number of developmental delays. Pearson correlations indicated that social support was inversely related to restrictive discipline for high-stress mothers but not for low-stress mothers. The positive influence of social support was also found for mothers of children with three to five delays but not for mothers of children with one to two delays. A negative response style of maternal discipline was reduced when the mother felt supported.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID