ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nursing clinic clients' health beliefs, values, and demographic characteristics were analyzed for their impact on health promotion activities. A sample of 175 clients was administered measures of health beliefs, health values, and health promotion activities. The type of health care clients had requested at the clinic for the previous 2 years was categorized as health promotion, illness prevention, health maintenance, or health restoration. Findings included: health value was not related to self-reported health promotion activities or to types of clinic visits; a strong belief in chance was negatively associated with engaging in health promotion activities; a strong belief in powerful others was negatively associated with a high percentage of restoration visits. The combination of beliefs, values, and selected demographic factors accounted for 16% of the variance in health promotion activities and 18 % of the variance in the type of health care sought.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a pilot study of 138 women with mastectomies that explored the consistent finding of more left breast cancer in American women, associations were found among handedness, initial breast cancer laterality, and age. To test these findings further, 889 subjects were added to the original sample. The resulting sample of 1,027 consisted of 861 right-handed, 94 ambihanded, and 72 left-handed subjects aged 21 to 84. A chi-square test showed a statistically significant association between ipsilateral breast cancer before age 45 and contralateral breast cancer after age 44 in right-handers, x2(1, n= 861) = 4.169, p<.05. The association was also significant for left-handers, x2(1 n= 72) = 4.036, p <.05. In addition, a chi-square test showed a statistically significant association between handedness and earlier development of breast cancer, x2(1, n = 933) = 13.9, p <01. Almost twice as high a percentage of left-handers as right-handers developed breast cancer before age 45. Log-linear analysis demonstrated no significant associations of nodes with either handedness or age. Overall, there was no statistically significant association between the laterality of breast cancer and a history of breast cancer in a primary relative, x2(1, n = 1,024) = 1.38, p > .05. In some presently unknown way, lateral asymmetries of neurotransmitters may contribute to an explanation of the findings.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A standard contraction stress test (CST) is usually obtained by the intravenous infusion of exogenous oxytocin for 1 to 3 hours. To assess whether breast massage could elicit a CST, 30 high-risk pregnant women between 37 and 44 weeks gestation massaged their breasts with mineral oil for a maximum of 40 to 60 minutes. Of the 21 patients (70%) who met the CST criterion, 15 had at least one spontaneous uterine contraction in the 20 minutes preceding breast massage, p = .05. Thirty-three percent of those who met the CST criterion did so within 10 minutes of the start of breast massage, and 95% met the criterion within 40 minutes. Other factors, including weeks gestation, parity, overstimulation, and fetal heart rate deceleration that could reasonably influence the effectiveness of the procedure are discussed. Breast massage appears to be an effective method for meeting the CST criterion.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Face-to-face, dyadic interaction in term and preterm mother-newborn pairs was examined for a rhythmic pattern at 40 weeks gestational age. Three-minute interaction episodes for each mother-infant pair were recorded on videotape and scored with a dyadic code graded along a dimension of disengagement-engagement. Spectral analysis was used to analyze the data for rhythmicity. A reliable rhythmic structure was found in all dyadic interactions. No significant difference was evident between term and preterm dyads. The findings provide quantitative evidence of rhythmic patterning in dyadic interaction from birth for term pairs and as early as 40 weeks gestation for preterm pairs, which is much earlier than previously reported in the literature. The Dyadic Interaction Code, a new tool for studying the interaction process over time, is described, and a recently reported method of analysis (spectral analysis) for interaction data is applied to mother-newborn behavioral data.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Changes in the content and structure of social relationships following the birth of the first child were studied with a non-probability sample of primiparous couples. Differences between men and women were examined regarding changes in network structure, need for support, satisfaction with available support, access to support from network members, and stress and conflict in relationships with network members. In total, 108 subjects responded to investigator-developed tools during the third trimester of pregnancy, 92 subjects at 5 months postpartum, and 69 subjects at 8 months postpartum. More women than men perceived an increased need for support postpartum, but no differences in satisfaction with available support existed. For men, network size decreased, but the percentage of network members with preschool children, the percentage of members offering emotional support, and the boundary density with wives' networks all increased. Women reported decreased frequency of contact with coworkers, but increased frequency with friends, and, as did fathers, named more members with preschool children.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Returns of mailed questionnaires from 77 runner and 63 nonrunner respondents showed that runners placed a statistically higher value on health and performed greater numbers of health-related behaviors. Major differences were found in nutrition, exercise, and medical awareness and self-care. No major differences were found in addictive substance use, stress management, or safety practices. A number of concerns regarding runners' health practices were identified, including running while ill or in pain, incidence of injuries, negative feelings when unable to run, neglect of a conscious cool-down period, low weight levels, and a tendency to increase workouts following perceived dietary indiscretions.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID