ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Adult patients with fever (N =89) were randomized into four blanket temperature groups: 7.2, 12.8, 18.3, and 23.9°C. With their extremities protected, subjects were given acetaminophen and placed between two cooling blankets. There were no differences in the mean time (in minutes) to cool to a body temperature of 38.9°C among groups. Although there were no differences in mean time for shivering, a trend of less shivering was apparent with warmer blanket temperatures. Few patients shivered (n = 17). There were no differences in the mean time (in minutes) for afterfall among the groups. The mean amount of afterfall for the 7.2°C group (1.04°C, SD = 0.50) was significantly greater than the 23.9°C group (0.68°C, SD = 0.47). Comfort scores significantly improved with warmer blanket temperatures. Thus, warmer blanket temperatures provided similar rates of cooling as the colder temperatures, yet were perceived to be more comfortable by the patient.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Urine Stream Interruption Test (UST) was developed to assess the effectiveness of the pelvic floor muscles in impeding urine flow. In the present study, the repeatability of the UST and its relationship to other measures of pelvic muscle strength were tested. Seventy-five women (25 each nulliparous, primiparous, and secundiparous) were enrolled. Repeatability of the UST was demonstrated by a correlation of r = .83. Stronger pelvic muscle strength, as assessed by the Digital Measure, was correlated with more rapid interruption of the stream of urine, r=-.55 to -.59. Greater parity was associated with decreased ability to stop the flow, F = 10.2 [2,72],p< .001), with the UST scores longest in secundiparas (M = 4.4 seconds), next longest in primiparas ( M = 3.6 seconds), and shortest in nulliparas (M = 1.96 seconds).

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Dimensions of cognitive impairment that best discriminated between wandering and nonwandering ambulatory subjects were studied. Cognitive impairment was measured along four dimensions: abstract thinking, language, judgment, and spatial skills. Wanderers bad higher overall levels of cognitive impairment and poorer performance on all cognitive dimensions. The dimension of language was the most important higher order cognitive skill differentiating wanderers from nonwanderers; basic cognitive skill deficits (memory, orientation, concentration) and medical bases of cognitive impairment also contributed to the distinction between the groups. Overall classification rates obtained by linear classification function (LCF) analyses were only slightly better than chance rates. However, LCF rates for nonwanderers ranged from 93% to 95%, suggesting greater homogeneity in the cognitive impairments specific to this group.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of a measure of the sensory qualities of touch: the Tactile Interaction Index (Ill). The measure includes a coding system for analyzing the location, action, intensity, and duration of touch used within interactions as well as training videotapes that operationally define the qualities of touch. Concurrent validity was established by comparing the TII scores of 14 trained observers with the scores of 16 individuals who had actually used the touch being coded. Construct validity was supported by evidence that individuals who reported greater amounts of touch in their lives and more satisfaction with touch they experienced as a child received TII scores indicating more extensive and more varied use of touch in observed interactions. Reliability was demonstrated by agreement among trained observers in their coding of tactile interactions and by stable coding scores for the same videotapea interactions at one-month intervals.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this prospective study, the predictive ability of the nonstress test (NST), the most widely used antepartum screening test to assess fetal well-being, was compared with that of the auscultated acceleration test (AAT) in predicting perinatal outcomes. The AAT is a more easily administered test than the NST, and, unlike the NST, does not use electronic fetal monitors. Study subjects were 205 women with singleton pregnancies greater than 34 weeks'gestation, whose delivery occurred within 7 days of receiving antepartum testing by NST at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The AAT yielded better prediction of poor perinatal outcomes than the NST. The NST, however, was a significantly better predictor of favorable outcomes than the AAT. The AAT has the potential to affect perinatal care if false positive results can be decreased through further research.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In-depth joint interviews of 25 infertile couples covering the full range of infertility etiologies and treatments were conducted in this qualitative study. Professional competency, sensitivity, and environmental comfort acted as mediators by increasing or decreasing treatment stress. In addition, couples individually or collectively developed action or mental strategies to mitigate stress. High stress, lack of hope, and frustration led to contemplation of terminating treatment.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The relationships among immigration, ethnic identity, and health were investigated in subjects who emigrated from the Middle East to the United States. Egyptian, Yemeni, Iranian, Armenian, and Arab immigrants ( N = 88) were interviewed to determine the relationship among ethnic group (country/culture of origin), strength of ethnic identity (four factors and perceived ethnic identity), and mental and physical health (perceived health, physical and psychological symptoms, and morale). The findings show significant differences among the five groups on cultural attitudes, social attitudes, family orientation, the number of physical symptoms, the number of psychological symptoms, perceived health status and positive morale. Subjects who perceived themselves to be more traditionally ethnic tended to have more physical symptoms and less positive morale. Ethnic group accounted for a significant percentage of variance in positive morale and perceived health status. Ethnic identity accounted for a significant proportion of variance in physical symptoms. The results support the need for considering ethnic identity as well as country of origin in providing care for clients.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A causal model based on Fishbein's Model of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) was tested in a bypertensive population. Intention was hypothesized to affect compliance behavior of hypertensive patients directly and to mediate the effect of the other variables. Attitude, perceived beliefs of others, and motivation to comply were hypothesized to directly affect intentions and indirectly affect compliance behavior as mediated by intention. Fifty-six newly diagnosed hypertensive patients completed the variable measures 6 months after receiving outpatient instructions. Path analysis demonstrated the Fishbein Model was found sufficient for the prescriptions of diet, smoking, activity and stress, but not for medication. Findings indicated that compliance behavior was directly influenced by intention which, in turn, was influenced directly by attitude and motivation to comply and indirectly by the perceived beliefs of others mediated by motivation to comply for the prescriptions of diet, activity, smoking, and stress prescriptions. For the medication prescription, attitude and motivation to comply directly influenced regimen compliance.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This qualitative study explores the effect of the Vietnam War on 50 military nurses' career. Results indicate that the nurses' responsibilities in stateside hospitals often seemed diminished and patient needs distinct from those of battle casualties. Findings confirm that the nurses' postwar reactions were similar to those of nurse veterans of other wars, and that the year-long exposure to young wounded men in Vietnam directly altered the career choices of 44 nurses.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID