ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBehavioural studies of the window‐opening habits of families in one hundred and twenty three houses show a strong seasonal pattern. During winter window opening is closely related to moisture level in the external air. In summer it is more closely linked to mean daily temperature. There are wide differences between families, with larger families having more open windows. Re‐examination of ventilation criteria suggests three seasons, one in deep winter which needs minimum adequate air for body odour removal, the second in spring/autumn for controlling moisture and the third in summer for cool

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhotosynthesis is examined as a possible annually renewable resource for material and energy. the production of fermentation alcohol from sugar cane as a major component of materials for chemical feedstocks is examined as well as the direct photosynthetic production of hydrocarbon from known plant sources.Experiments are underway to analyse the hydrocarbons from Euphorbias. Asclepis and other hydrocarbon‐containing plants with a view toward determining their various chemical components. In addition, experimental plantings of plants of this type have begun to obtain data on which species would be the most successful. Work is also underway on the development of chemical process techniques for the extraction of plant materials after harvesting.In addition, efforts are underway to construct synthetic systems on the basis of our knowledge of the natural photosynthetic processes. These systems could be used to produce fuel, fertilizer and power. As a result of studies of the natural quantum conversion process in green plants, we can envisage several photoelectron transfer processes, some of which have already been demonstrated in synthetic systems. Methods of constructing systems of this type and the principles of their use are describe

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUse of a simplified method has been made to calculate the time‐dependent thermal performance of various solar domestic hot water systems. to establish the value of solar hot water systems under given economic considerations a thermal analysis was carried out on three basic energy system designs, operating at several locations in the Federal Republic of Germany (F.R.G.) with various solar collectors. It is found that systems design can result in variations up to a factor of two in the per cent solar output. the location and year of operation in the F.R.G. result in variations up to 15 per cent in the solar output. A sensitivity study was also done with respect to all solar collector, systems and user parameters. From this it was found that the dominant effects on the systems performance were due to the collector‐dependent paramet

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present dilemma of energy producers, converters, and policy decision makers is presented. the consequences of environmental control regulations, coupled with the need for conservation and energy, and of energy resources on the increased utilization of coal, are discussed. Several recent technical accomplishments which make possible increased utilization of coal for power generation are described. Groundwork is laid for discussion of the technical development which must occur if the United States is to retain its energy viability.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor the utilization of low‐grade heat the latent storage of thermal energy is of great advantage because the heat can be preserved at a constant temperature perfectly matched to the special purpose of application. Investigations on the heat capacities, enthalpies of fusion, densities, crystallization behaviour and other chemical and physical properties have shown that the following salt hydrates are especially suitable media for storing low‐grade heat.The eutectic mixture of water and 3.92% by weight of sodium fluoride, melting point (MP) = ‐ 3.5°C, is extremely convenient and cheap for refrigerating or other cooling purposes. Lithium chlorate trihydrate, LiClO3. 3H2O, MP = +8.1°C has an extremely high storage capacity and other advantageous properties as a storage medium in cooling systems, but a very high price will limit its application. Calcium chloride hexahydrate, CaCl2. 6H2O, MP = + 29.2°C, is a suitable and cheap storage medium for heating purposes. For the same application disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, Na2HPO4. 12H2O, MP = + 35.2°C, is even better because of the larger storage capacity per unit volume and other advantages which largely compensate the higher material cost. the unique properties of potassium fluoride tetrahydrate, KF. 4H2O, MP = +18.5°C, make it especially suitable for storing low‐grade heat. It can directly function as an energy sink and as an energy reservoir in heat collecting and consuming systems. Examples of the practical applicability for residential heating, temperature levelling and cooling a

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440010411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY