摘要:

AbstractA periodic analysis of a matrix air heater has been carried out to study the capacity effect of various storage materials such as concrete, fire bricks, glass and coal. The storage effect is, however, not significant in such systems. Higher conducting and low heat capacity materials, such as iron, copper and aluminium used in the form of scraps, result in a good performance of the system. Coal is also found to give as good a performance as metallic materials. The efficiency of the system increases with increased mass flow rate but the rise in the inlet air temperature is correspondingly smaller. The temperature distribution inside the system is seen to be almost linear.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe temperature difference between the surfaces of the internal and the external walls of a room causes a heat flux from the internal to the external walls through radiation and finally to the environment through conduction.This thermal flux, which is different to the thermal losses due to the conductance of the external walls, is a function of the thermal and the structural characteristics of the walls.In the present work a simple analytical expression is given, which relates the thermal losses due to radiation and the total thermal losses due to radiation and convection directly to the structural characteristics of the room, that is the reflectivity of the internal surfaces, the conductance of the external walls, the ratio of the external to the internal wall surfaces and the temperatures of the internal space of the room and the environment.This relationship has been verified by experiments carried out on an experimental arrangement which simulates this phenomenon.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo properly calculate dynamic solar gain in buildings, one must know the optical properties of the window in detail. In this paper, we develop a complete set of calculation procedures for determining the solar transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of a window composed of an arbitrary number of partially transparent layers. Any layer may have a thin‐film multilayer coating, such as an anti‐reflection coating for increasing solar transmittance, a solar control film for reducing solar heat gain, or a transparent heat‐reflecting mirror for improving thermal resistance. The results of sample calculations are given over the range of incidence angles for conventional and advanced energy conserving window de

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the optimum placement/distribution of insulation/concrete in a double hollow multilayered wall/roof for achieving the best load levelling in the thermal flux through the slab. It is seen that, of six possible configurations, for a given total thickness of insulation and given total thickness of concrete, the best load levelling is achieved when equal thicknesses of insulation are placed on outside and inside. Better load levelling is achieved in the insulation‐air gap‐concrete‐air gap‐concrete configuration when the thickness of the inner layer of concrete (facing room) is least, consistent with structural considerations. No, or the worst, load levelling is achieved in the concrete‐air gap‐insulation‐air gap‐insulation and insulation‐air gap‐insulation‐air gap‐

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation of the thermal behaviour of a non‐airconditioned building with walls/roof being exposed to periodic solar radiation and atmospheric air while the inside air temperature is controlled by an isothermal mass, window and door in the walls of the room. The effects of air ventilation and infiltration, the heat capacities of the isothermal storage mass inside air and walls/roof, heat loss into the ground, and the presence/absence of the window/door have been incorporated in the realistic time dependent periodic heat transfer analysis to evaluate the overall heat flux coming into the room and the inside air temperature. A numerical computer model using typical weather data for Delhi has been made to appreciate the analytical results quantitatively. It is found that the heat fluxes through different walls have different magnitudes and phase lags w.r.t. the corresponding solair temperatures. The overall heat flux coming into the room as well as the room air temperature are sensitive functions of the number of air changes per hour, closing/opening of the window and the door ventilation. The effects of the heat capacity of the isothermal mass and the basement ground are found to reduce the inside air temperature swing and the presence of a window is found to increase the inside air temperature even when the window area is much smaller than the wall/roof area. The model presented would be an aid to a building architect for good thermal design of non‐airconditioned buildi

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper describes energy use in a particular heavy forge; it investigates the consequences of waste heat recovery and of possible improvements to lighting, to the thermal performance of the building and to the means of distribution of power. In each case the internal rate of return on the capital investment required to produce a marginal saving of energy is calculated.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHigh absorptance and low thermal emittance selective surfaces have been formed by evaporating lead sulphide onto Al evaporated Al substrates. The dependence of selectivity, α/ϵ, on thickness has been studied. The maximum selectivity was obtained for PbS thickness of 400 Å. The emissivity is found to increase with temperature. The coatings are stable up to a temperature of 240°C in air. Long term ultraviolet irradiation causes the photo‐oxidation of PbS to PbSO4which results in the increase of emittance and a decrease in absorptance. When cycled between 0°C and 200°C, the coatings do not show any signs of degr

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe energy research and development programmes of the European Community are reviewed. The mechanisms for financing R&D projects are discussed and emphasis is placed on the role of the Commission.The results of the programmes to date are analysed both in relation to their original objectives and in terms of the R&D and Energy strategies recently developed by the Commission.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA low cost collector‐cum‐storage type solar water heater has been developed. The cost of the heater is reduced by replacing window glass cover with 0.2 mm thick PVC film to avoid glass breakage in transportation and maintenance. In this paper the performances of solar water heaters having double glazing of PVC and glass have been compared. It was found that their performances are similar. Moreover, by providing an insulating cover in the night, the water remains warm till next morning for taking a bath etc. in the early hours when there is no sunsh

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440060211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY