摘要:

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the study of the effects of the in‐cylinder and regenerator heat transfer characteristics of a single‐acting opposed‐piston Stirling engine, with heater and cooler both omitted, for which a simulation model has been developed. The engine thermodynamic cycle is divided into a number of time‐steps, and a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which describe the energy balances over the three basic control volumes (hot and cold cylinders and regenerator), is solved numerically. Empirical correlations are used to determine the instantaneous heat transfer coefficients in the regenerator (flow across a porous medium) and inside the cylinder space (gas confined in a cylindrical volume with a moving boundary). Numerical results from the model are pr

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150802

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults of bench‐scale tests on the rheological and calorific properties of peat/water/No. 4 fuel‐oil mixtures indicated that a peat/water/oil (PWOM) slurry with rheological characteristics and calorific properties suitable for combustion in conventional boilers can be prepared using 40% (by weight) peat, of – 246.4 μm particle size and 40–45% natural moisture content, in the presence of 1% Cab‐O‐Sil PTG as a stabilizing additive. This low cost liquid fuel has a calorific value about 80% of, and a flow rate about 1.2 times the corresponding values for fuel oil No. 4. An economic feasibility study was conducted based on a PWOM cost to the consumer 10% below the cost of No. 4 fuel oil, and no ‘rent’ cost to the PWOM producer for the peat resource. The study shows that a project to harvest 112,000 tonnes of peat per year and to produce 282,000 tonnes of PWOM fuel is profitable for a range of assu

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150803

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDespite the obvious associated social benefits, lighting energy for rural areas of India has been largely ignored. Very little attention has been given either to improving efficiencies of existing lighting technologies or to developing alternatives. Comparing technologies for lighting which are both rational and practical for those living in developing countries is difficult owing to the problems of quantifying the social value and assigning rankings based on the quality of the lighting service provided. In the paper, an attempt is made to develop a framework for evaluating the relative economics of some of the common lighting technologies, and this is then incorporated into a linear programming framework to obtain the least‐cost option for satisfying the lighting energy demand of a village subject to various constraints in the context of rural area

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150804

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA process for heat recovery from a thermal plant and transportation over a large distance is presented and discussed. Heat is carried in the vapour phase of a working fluid at the ambient temperature without thermal losses. The performance of the process compares favourably, even for distances of about 100 km, with the local use of a heat pump at the site where the thermal energy is to be consumed. Water can be used as a suitable alternative to freons in such a process of heat transportation.

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150805

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLiquid desiccant cooling systems have the advantage over conventional compression systems of being able to operate with largely solar thermal energy sources, and of efficiently handling the latent load. The solar energy is used to regenerate the liquid desiccant by removing the water absorbed from air in the dehumidifier. A packed‐bed liquiddesiccant (LiBr) dehumidification unit has been operated with varying air conditions and liquid streams and with three levels of packing (0, 28 and 40 cm). Number of transfer units (NTU) values of 2–2.5 were obtained in the best performing configuration; the corresponding height of transfer unit (HTU) values were 0.25–0.31 m. Overall, gas‐side mass transfer coefficients calculated for the dehumidifier are made up of contributions from the packed bed and spray sections of the tower. With full packing and a higher solution flow rate, the overallKyawas 151.3 g mol/sm3contact‐volume log mean concentration driving force. Spray‐only contacting at the higher solution flow rate gave aKyaof 15.7 g mol/sm3contact‐volume log mean concentration driving force. The individual mass transfer coefficients for the two sections have been separated; to the authors' knowledge, this is the first time the separate contributions of spray and packing have been quantified in a composite dehumidifier tower. Spray contributions were found to contribute from 10 to 70% of the mass transfer occurring in the dehumidifier, the higher percentages being found for a very inefficient deep bed and low liquid fl

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150806

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150807

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-907X    

DOI:10.1002/er.4440150801

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY