ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108244

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108245

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108246

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108247

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108248

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108249

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Leukoaraiosis (LA) means decreased density of the white matter of brain. It is seen as hypodensity on computed tomography (CT) scans and as hyperintensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. When Hachinski et al. [1] coined the term in 19 87, it referred to the diffuse or patchy hypodensities seen in the deep white matter on CT scans of elderly people. Others, however, included all kinds of hypodensities of the white matter and often labeled it Binswanger''s disease. It was uncertain what these hypodensities were and whether they had any clinical significance. MRI white matter hyperintensities may be: (1) punctate ''holes'' in the deep ganglia and white matter; (2) smooth ''rims and caps'' contiguous with the margins of the lateral ventricles, or (3) patchy areas in the deep white matter of the centrum semiovale extending to the vicinity of the subcortical regions but sparing the U fibers. What is LA and how does it relate to cognition? We asked several experts to offer their opinions on the linkage between cognitive functions and LA. We informed each one that we do not expect new data, detailed analyses, or an authoritative review. Rather, we wanted their concise views on the subject. Their opinions follow.

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108178

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lacunar (small deep) and small centrum ovale infarcts (LACIs and SCOIs, respectively) are both small subcortical infarcts with the same appearance on computed tomography (CT), but they are located in the different vascular territories of the deep and superficial perforating arteries, respectively. We compared the degree of carotid stenosis and risk factor profile in LACI and SCOI patients from the European Carotid Surgery Trial. The two patient groups were defined by the site and size of the symptomatic infarct on the pre-randomisation CT scan. The vascular risk factor profile appeared similar for the 129 LACI and 29 SCOI patients. However, SCOI patients had significantly higher degrees of carotid stenosis than the LACI patients (p < 0.025). Nineteen (66%, 95% confidence interval 49–83%) SCOI patients had symptomatic carotid large-vessel disease (stenosis ≧ 50%). Our findings suggest that SCOIs are associated with carotid large-vessel disease in the majority of patie

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108179

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Elevated erythrocyte (RBC) aggregation (RBC-A) may contribute to the pathogenesis of stroke and stroke recurrence. We measured RBC-A at low shear in 55 patients with acute ischemic stroke and in 24 age-balanced controls without cerebrovascular disease or vascular risk factors. RBC-A was significantly elevated in subgroups of stroke patients who were hypertensive, diabetic, or both, compared with either stroke patients lacking these risk factors (p at least < 0.01) or healthy elderly (all p < 0.001). RBC-A was normal in stroke patients (n = 14) free of both diabetes and hypertension. In a multivariate linear regression model glycosylated hemoglobin (p < 0.0001), plasma viscosity (p < 0.006) and systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) were each independently significant and together accounted for about 52% of the variation in RBC-A in acute stroke patients. No relationship was detected between RBC-A and infarct size or among the major subtypes of ischemic stroke. The results suggest that vigorous control of both blood glucose and blood pressure may reduce the potentially damaging effects of elevated RBC-A in the cerebral vasculature.

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108180

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Subjective and objective pulsatile tinnitus may have many causes. Objective pulsatile tinnitus may be present in paraganglioma, dural arteriovenous malformations or venous anomalies. We report the case of a 23-year-old man with right-sided objective pulsatile tinnitus. MRI and DSA demonstrated thrombosis of the dominant left transverse and sigmoid sinuses. On the tinnitus side, angiography revealed a tight stenosis of the sigmoid sinus close to the petrous bone. Tinnitus improved after anticoagulation and disappeared completely after 9 months. Follow-up angiography 8 months later revealed recanalization of the affected sinuses and persistence of the narrow segment of the right sigmoid sinus.

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108181

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger