摘要:

Twenty cases of spinal plating with locally made simple bone plates, done between a period from August 1988 to March 1990 at our Institute, are reported here. The main indication for plating was spinal instability, either existent or created following decompression or an osteotomy. These cases included spondylolisthesis, spondylolysis, traumatic fracture-dislocations, lumber canal stenosis, tumors, prolapsed intervertebral discs, and seronegative spondyloarthropathy. Posterior lumbar interbody in 13 cases and posterolateral fusion in five was added to the spinal plating. Fusion rate was 100% at the end of 5 months. There was no incidence of implant breakage, and one case of screw loosening. One case had screw-related radiculopathy that subsequently settled. In all, 80 screws were used, out of which 75 had optimal and five suboptimal placements. In spite of limited facilities available in the developing countries, satisfactory results could be expected with this unconventional and simple technique.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The exact nature of the mechanisms at work during movement of the human spine are not well understood, nor well defined. The spine supports the torso against loads and allows freedom of motion, within physiologic limits, at the same time. A great deal of information characterizing various attributes of the spine is available. Research has provided values for flexural stiffness, axial compliance, range of motion under various loading modalities, and considerably more. This study will focus not on isolated topics, but rather serve as a broad introduction to the behavior of the spine as a whole.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The functional units making up the spinal column allow fully six degrees of freedom, but with range of motion constraints due to the associated ligamentous and bony structures. Research into the behavior of the spine requires complex testing methodologies, consequently. Reproducing physiologic behavior in the spine requires the application of suitable forces or displacements through loading frames that do not interfere with the its intrinsic behavior. Monitoring of the outcomes can be done on the basis of force, length or pressure measurements, or combinations thereof. An exploration of testing methodologies and apparatus is presented. The applicability and related overheads, due to data acquisition or analysis, of such methods are discussed. This will provide a means for the researcher to assess the hardware requirements to attain the objectives of their project.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of mathematical and other types of models for the study of the biomechanics of scoliosis is reviewed in this article. The article is based on a talk presented at the 1987 Meeting of the Scoliosis Research Society.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Patients with scoliosis deformity can be evaluated from a biomechanical viewpoint by measurement of spinal morphology, back surface topography, and changes in these measurements both acutely and over time. In addition, the forces acting on the spine can be estimatedin vivo.Many ethical and practical challenges have been overcome, and these measurement techniques have provided information on spinal deformity and its treatment. Further insights have come from biomechanical analyses of these measurements, and complementary modeling studies. This study reviews the available methodologies and the progress that has been made toward using these methods in assessing outcomes in treatment. Possible future directions forin vivomeasurements are suggested for studies of etiology, growth regulation, progression of deformity, three-dimensional assessment of treatment outcome, and monitoring of individual patients.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A variety of biomechanical methods have been used for the experimental evaluation of spine instrumentationin vitro.Consensus has not been reached for criteria to compare the performance of dissimilar devices. The range of load-displacement conditions currently used forin vitrotesting of spine instrumentation was reviewed, and compared to calculated estimates for flexion, lateral bending, and torsion loads. It is recommended that future studies simulate combinations of loads or displacements associated with common patterns of motion, and that the distraction across the region of injury be measured. For cyclic testing, input frequencies of 4–5 cycles/sec are within physiologic range, and offer advantages over tests at lower frequencies. The development of consistent protocols based on physiologic conditions should facilitate the biomechanical assessment of techniques for stabilizing the human spine.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A review of the pitfalls of biomechanical testing and its experimental designs are presented in order to provide a format for the young spinal experimentor, and an outline of procedural error and logical thinking for nonclinical spinal experimentation, be itin vitro, in vivo, or with mathematical modeling. Subsequent sections deal with the specifics ofin vitroandin vivotesting and mathematical modeling.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID