摘要:

The New York University Spinal Cord Trauma Center recently completed an evaluation of 200 patients seen over a period of four years, from 1974 to 1978. A unique group of 23 patients with cervical spinal stenosis and myelopathy without fracture or dislocation was isolated. The presence of a narrow canal significantly influenced morbidity and prognosis. Based on a review of plain roentgenograms and myelograms, there were seven patients with an average age of 41 who had absolute low levels of narrowing of the spinal canal without evidence of degenerative changes. The remaining 16 patients, averaging 61 years of age, had superimposed spondylosis. In both groups, patients with the lowest antero-posterior diameters of the spinal canal had the most severe myelopathy after trauma. Patients with absolute stenosis were more susceptible to traumatic myelopathy than were those with relative stenosis. Varying the dose of steroids to maximal levels had no effect on prognosis. Patients showing improvement during the intitial 48 hours had the greatest degree of eventual recovery.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A review of the roentgenograms and clinical findings of 100 patients seen consecutively who had had halo-pelvic distraction for the correction of spinal deformity showed an overall incidence of cases with apophyseal joint degeneration of 47.4%. There were independent and significant differences between the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups with regard to patients' ages and the amounts of the time spent in halo-pelvic distraction. Stepwise discriminant analysis has yielded a table of the maximum amount of time a patient can spend in halo-pelvic traction per year of age, beyond which there is a significant chance of developing degenerative changes.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A retrospective review of 152 cases of cervical spine injury suffered in water sport-related accidents is presented. Water sport accidents were the second most common cause of traumatic quadriplegia among patients treated on the Spinal Injury Service at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital. The mechanics of injury in 80% of the cases involved flexion and/or axial loading forces. A fracture of the body of C5 was seen in two thirds of the cases. The ratio of complete to incomplete cord lesions was approximately 1:1, with anterior cord syndrome being the most commonly observed. Various risk factors are identified.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The growth and maturation of 409 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis was prospectively observed and analyzed. Growth of children with scoliosis did not appear to differ from that of their normal peers. However, when measurement of growth was corrected for skeletal age, the children with scoliosis were found to be taller and heavier. Both boys and girls with scoliosis were found to be taller and heavier. Both boys and girls with scoliosis showed a significant tendency for delay in skeletal age (P< 0.0001), and the girls showed a significant tendency for a delay of puberty (P< 0.0001). The late skeletal and sexual development observed for the entire series was even more apparent for the girls, for whom spinal curvature exceeded 20° (P< 0.0001). The authors urge that a menstrual history and a skeletal age determination be included in the initial examination of patients with scoliosis.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An analysis of lateral predominance of 51 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is presented. Determination of handedness, the dominant foot, and the dominant eye was performed. Postural equilibrium was studied by stabilometry, and the vestibular function was evaluated with electronystagmography. Central and peripheral nervous function were evaluated as reflected by electroencephalography and nerve-conduction velocity measurements. Results were compared with those obtained for a control group and were evaluated with special reference to convexity and location of the curve. Significant differences were found between patients with right convex curves and those with left convex curves in the distribution of eye predominance and in labyrinthine sensitivity. The direction of convexity was correlated with the predominant labyrinth for both groups. An analysis of these findings indicates that they can be of pathogenetic importance.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study deals with the growth, maturation, and age changes to the cartilaginous end-plates of vertebrae from marmosets(Callithrix jacchus)varying in age from birth to 10 years. The cartilaginous end-plate is divided into an inner growth layer and an outer articular zone that abuts against the intervertebral disc. The growth cartilage gradually narrows and disappears by 1 year of age, when the animal reaches physical maturity. The articular cartilage undergoes changes in collagen and ground substance that leads to its calcification. There was a progressive resorption of the calcified articular cartilage beginning at 3 years of age and continuing throughout the aging period. In the vertebrae of 8− and 10-year-old animals, only a thin layer of calcified cartilage separates the disc from the underlying bone.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The hamstring muscles can restrict hip flexion, especially when the knees are extended. It was hypothesized that individuals with short or tight hamstrings would have abnormal tilting of the pelvis in some seated postures, with greater flattening or reversal of the lumbar lordosis. Healthy adults were studied. A toe-touch test was used to measure range of hip flexion. Lumbar spine curvature was measured in standing, in sitting with the knees flexed, and in sitting with knees partially extended. Large individual variations in range of hip flexion were found. Persons with a small range had the most pronounced change in spine curvature in the second seated posture. It is concluded that attention should be given to this effect of the hamstrings on the lumbar spine when workplaces are designed.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Trunk strengths were measured in 27 healthy males and 30 healthy females, and in 25 male and 15 female patients with low-back pain and/or sciatica. Maximum voluntary isometric strengths were measured during attempted flexion, extension, and lateral bending from an upright standing position. Both male and female patients had approximately 60% of the absolute trunk strengths of the corresponding healthy subjects. Intra-individual trunk strength ratios were used to interpret the results. Use of these ratios tends to avoid interpretational problems created by the general weakness of the patients and any lack of motivation of either patients or healthy subjects. The ratios showed that the patients had attempted extension strengths that were significantly less than their strengths in the other types of movements tested. The strength ratios for attempted extension were particularly low for patients with sciatica.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Trunk strengths of 16 male and 17 female patients with chronic low-back disorders were measured. The patients sought hospitalization for four weeks in a pain clinic. Maximum voluntary trunk strengths in the standing position were measured during attempted flexion, extension, and lateral bending. The trunk strengths of these patients were then compared with those of healthy subjects and with those of patients with low-back disorders who sought treatment as outpatients of a general orthopaedic office practice. In making the comparisons, intra-individual trunk-strength ratios were used to overcome problems due to the effects of patients' general weakness and any psychologic factors. When compared with healthy subjects, the patients seeking hospitalization had significantly smaller strengths during attempted extension relative to their strengths during attempted flexion or lateral bending. Their trunk-strength ratios did not differ significantly from those of the outpatient group.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The bone mineral content of 109 excised lumbar vertebrae from 21 female subjects (aged 34 to 74 years) and 15 male subjects (aged 31 to 79 years) was determined with dual photon absorptiometry. It was correlated with the age, height, and weight of the subjects and with the body weight above each vertebra. No correlation was found between the bone mineral content and the lumbar spine score of Barnett and Nordin.“ The bone mineral content determined with dual photon absorptiometry was also correlated with the weight of fresh and ashed bone cubes removed from the interior of 40 of the aforementioned vertebrae selected at random. The bone mineral content decreased with increasing age and at a similar rate within the ages studied in both sexes. The findings indicated that pathologic demineralization in the elderly could be the result of low bone mineral content early in life, and more frequently so in female vertebrae.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID