摘要:

Study DesignThis study determined whether lumbar discectomy patients could endure an aerobic exercise program sufficient to achieve a training effect, and whether any functional advantages were derived.Methods.Trained volunteers (n = 19) were compared with untrained control subjects (n = 18) after a 12-week aerobic and rehabilitation exercise program. Subjects completed a maximal graded exercise test, a hydrostatic weighing test, and a battery of self-report inventories.Results.Using a discriminant analysis, as apost hoctest, maximal oxygen consumption was found to be the factor responsible for the difference between the groups (P< 0.006).Conclusion.Oxygen consumption was more than three times as important as any other single variable in differentiating between the groups.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignThis was a blind, prospective study of the effect of sera from patients with spinal cord and head injuries on osteoblast proliferation.ObjectivesThe authors studied whether a humoral factor that stimulates the formation of heterotopic bone is released into the circulation after a neural injury.Backgound DataOther authors have shown that a humoral osteoinductive factor may be released after head and spinal cord injuries.MethodsSerum was obtained at certain times throughout the first 12 weeks post-injury and from control subjects. It was incubated with osteoblasts harvasted from fetal rats, as well as with fibroblast controls.ResultsThere was a significant rise in serum mitogenic activity after injury in both groups. When patients that developed heterotopic ossification were compared to other patients and controls, no significant differences were seen.ConclusionsThis in vitro study fails to support a humoral mechanism for heterotopic ossification after spinal cord or brain injuries.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignThis study analyzed the histological and biochemical respoonses of intervertebral disc tissue to intradiscal injection of varying amounts of chymopapain.ObjectiveTo determine the appropriate amount of chymopapain needed to accomplish effective degradation of proteoglycans (PG) in the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs.Summary of Background DataChymopapain is an accepted treatment alternative for patients with disc herniations. The recommended clinical dose of 2,000–4,000 pkats per injection is derived from early animal studies and empirical results in man. A lower effective dose could reduce the complication rate while providding similar clinical results.MethodsTwenty to 4,000 pkat of chymopapain was injected into rabbit discs, and the level of keratan sulfate (KS) epitope in serum was measured at different times after the injection. The animals were killed after 6 days and the injected and two neighboring discs were examined histologically.ResultsThe serum KS level did not change appreciably after injection of 20 pkat, rose moderately at 100 and 200 pkat, and rose strongly at 500 pkat. Doses greater than 500 pkat did not result in further increase in the KS level.ConclusionDegradation of the disc proteoglycans is dose dependent and reaches a maximum at 500 pkat. Higher doses appear not to cause further loss of aggrecan molecules, and injection of more than, 1,000 pkat produces significant annual destruction.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignThis was an experimental study to compare various methods of storing rib autograft between stages of spinal surgery.ObjectiveThe authors' goal was to determine the optimum conditions for storing bone graft, while preserving its osteogenic potential.Summary of Backgound DataIt never has been demonstrate that osteoblastic function can be preserved after bone graft is stored. Other researchers have shown preservation of cellular function, but not its nature.MethodsExcised rib was stored in one of several ways: in culture medium at - 196 C, 4 C, or 37 C, or in saline at 4 C for 2 weeks and then cultured at 37 C. Any cells produced were characterized using standard techniques.ResultsBone stored at 37 C and - 196 C retained its osteogenic potential, Bone stored at 4 C in saline did not. Bone stored at 4 C in culture medium was intermediate in its preservation of osteogenic capacity.ConclusionsBone stored under suitable conditions retains osteogenic potential, and when reimplanted will add osteogenic cells to the fusion mass.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignA group of 160 incumbent male railroad workers volunteered for a study of lumbar spine physical capacity.MethodsThey were initially subjected to inclinometric measurements of sagittal and coronal regional mobility (T-12-S1). They also were tested on isokinetic trunk strength measurement devices for sagittal (bending) and axial (twisting) trunk strength at multiple speeds.ResultsResults showed that they demonstrated mild deficits of lumbar sagittal extension mobility, trunk extensor strength, and sagittal/axial high speed (150–180°/sec) trunk strength when compared with population averages from a previously derived normative database of a nonhomogeneous male population (matched for age and body weight).ConclusionsIt was hypothesized that instructions about “correct lifting techniques,” uniformly provided to these workers, may have resulted in an unintended decrement in trunk mobility and strength, flexiion/extension, inclinometers, worker selection, pre-placement screening, postinjury job return.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignQuantified cervical physical examination data are provided for a group of 160 incumbent railroad workers from four laboring crafts.ObjectivesThe subjects were tested for cervical mobility and strength, according to standardized protocols as part of a comprehensive physical examination and functional testing procedure to establish noramative data associated with the axial musculoskeletal system.ResultsTripplanar cervical inclinometric mobility norms are provided, as are sagitttal and coronal isometric cervical strength data.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignA group of 160 incumbent male railroad workers was administered a battery of isokinetic and isoinertial lumbar/cervical lifing tests that served as a paradigm for whole-person functional testing of manual handling tasks.ResultsResults demonstrated that the workers' performance was near normal or somewhat above population averages according to previously derived heterogeneous normative samples. However, there were some differences among the four laboring crafts that made up the present incumbent worker sample.ConclusionsThe implications of these differences are discussed.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectivesThis study was performed to quantify the electromyographic trunk muscle activities in response to variations in moment magnitude and direction while in forward-flexed postures.Methods.Recordings were made over eight trunk muscles in 19 subjects who maintained forward-flexed postures of 30° and 60°. In each of the two flexed postures, external momeonts of 20 Nm and 40 Nm were applied via a chest harness. The moment directions were varied in seven 30° increments to a subject's right side, such that the direction ofthe applied load ranged from the upper body's anterior midsagittal plane (0°) to the posterior midsagittal plane (180°).Results.Statistical analyses yielded significant moment magnitude by moment-direction interaction effects for the EMG output from six of the eight muscles. Trunk flexion by moment-direction interactions were observed in the responses from three muscles.Conclusions.In general, the primary muscle supporting the torso and the applied load was the contralateral (left) erector spinae. The level of electromyographic activity in the anterior muscles was quite low, even with the posterior moment directions.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study DesignA correlational design was used to compare the lumbar spine's total sagittal range of motion (ROM) within a chronic low back pain patient population (n = 42) using three different measurement systems.Objectives.To compare, within a back pain patient population, the relationship of ROM measurements obtained from a motion analysis system (SPINETRAK), a lumbar extension rehabilitation device (MedX), and liquid inclinometers.Methods.Total lumbar sagittal ROM was determined with each device in each subject as part of patients' standard clinical evaluation.Results.Results indicated that the motion analysis system is significantly correlated with the liquid inclinometers and mildly correlated with the MedX. Inclinometer and MedX ROM measurements are also significantly correlated. To assess individual differences, dependent tests were performed. Results indicated that the SPINETRAK yielded significantly lower ROM than the inclinometer or the MedX. The MedX and in clinometer measures did not significantly differ.Conclusions.This report shows that, depending on the device and procedures used, the lumbar sagittal ROM within a chronic low back pain population vary significantly.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Study Design.The present study was designed to investigae the biomechanical behavior of the lumbar spine under controlled complex physiologic situations with chronic input.Objective.The objective was to determine the response of the human cadaver lumbar spinal column under repetitive compression-flexion forces.Summary of Background Data.Studies have been conducted in the past to determine the biomechanical response of the spine under uniaxial or pure forces. There is no methodology that can be used to apply and continuously quantify the fatigue response of the lumbar spinal columnunder controlled combined complex loading vectors (e.g., compression flexion).Methods.Intact cadaver lumbar columns (L1-L5) were mounted with the superior and in contact with a ball-transfer mount, inducing a flexion load to the spine while allowing multiple degrees of freedom. The distal portion of the specimen was attached to a six-axis load cell to quantify the force sustained by the specimen during the entire loading cycle. The applied load and piston deformation and the generalized six-axis force histories were gathered as a function of time using a digital data acquisition system.Results.The stiffness versus number of cycles (K-N) response exhibited nonlinear characteristics. The stiffness increased initially and then stabilized after 1,000–2,000 cycles of loading, delineating the visooelastic characteristics of the spine. The initial stiffness increase before stabilization was found to be significantly different (P<0.025) compared to the stiffness beyond 2,000 cycles.Conclusions.The data suggest that the fatigue response can be understood by cyclically loading the ligamentous lumbar spine prepartion to approximately 2,000 cycles.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID