ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259529

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The notion of psychotherapy has become a keystone in the social construction of psychological practice. The historical background of this situation is examined and it is suggested that over the last thirty years psychology has been engaged in a project to reconstruct psychotherapy as an applied science. Despite the failure of the project it continues to command substantial support and the importance of psychotherapy as a cultural practice seems to increase. Possible reasons for this situation are explored and some consideration is given to the role of psychological education in the construction of psychological practice.

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259530

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Research findings and theory related to the effects of filmed violence on children are examined and discussed. The overall theme is bridging the gap between research and practice with particular emphasis on the control of material that deals with both televised and video‐filmed violence. Findings are related to practical decisions about public access to such material and issues are outlined to illustrate major points of difference between pure and applied concerns in the professional practice of Psychology. Conclusions are also placed in the context of current arguments being made in Australia about public access to offensive material. The position is defended here that data point to the need in this country to find ways of improving communication about existing censorship procedures, and raising people's awareness of their responsibilities to their children. Policy formulation in the area is necessarily problematical, but there appear to be reasonable grounds for traversing the path from research to practice and formulating policy at this stage that takes better account of recent developments in the evidenc

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259531

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines the effect of contact with autistic children on teacher and peer attitudes to mentally‐handicapped children in general. Children were interviewed and teachers completed questionnaires about their attitudes toward mentally‐handicapped children in five schools attended by autistic boys and five schools not attended by any mentally‐handicapped children. Children who had contact with autistic boys had more positive and realistic attitudes. Teachers' attitudes were generally positive and did not vary across settings, but those with experience in teaching mentally‐handicapped children were found to have more positive attitudes than those with no experience. The implications for the integration of mentally‐handicapped children are briefly

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259532

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Behaviour‐based procedures are still rarely used in schools as routine problem‐solving or skill‐building practices. Consideration is given as to why this should be. It is suggested that psychologists working in educational settings should be more aware of contextual and organizational factors if they are to be successful innovators of new practices. In the case of behaviour‐based procedures, there is a need to develop flexible, behavioural process models to guide the practice of psychologists and teachers rather than to continue development of pre‐packaged behavioural techniques for teachers that do not allow scope for personal adaptation. There is also a pressing need to identify and plan for reinforcement contingencies operating within the natural school environment that will maintain these

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259533

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the relative importance of assessment‐based factors (attainment, IQ), and non‐assessment‐based factors (sex, age, reason for referral) on the placement recommendations of guidance officers (school psychologists) for children of borderline eligibility for special education services. Respondents were asked to recommend the most appropriate placement, from regular classroom to full‐time special education class, and to rate the importance of the information presented in the case folder to their decision. Overall, 55% of the respondents recommended full‐time special school placement and all of the respondents recommended some form of special education service. There were discrepancies between what guidance officers perceived as influencing their decisions and what actually influenced them. Assessment‐based factors of attainment levels and IQ scores were perceived as most influential and sex was perceived as the least influential. Statistical analysis revealed that girls were significantly more likely to be recommended for special school, as were cases with lower IQs. More boys than girls are referred for placement so it could be that when a girl is referred she is viewed as having more serious problems and requiring speci

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259534

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Normative data for the Children's Depression Inventory were obtained from 386 children in grades 3 to 6 at two Sydney primary schools. Significant grade differences were found, with scores decreasing from grades 3 to 5. No significant difference was found between boys and girls. Factor analysis, using varimax rotations of principal‐axis factors, revealed two factors accounting for 63% of the total variance. The major factor reflected enjoyment and interpersonal relations, whereas the second factor was more concerned with the affective behaviour facets of depression, including crying and feelings of sadness, irritability and fatigue. The results are compared with previous studies using U.S. sample

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259535

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Austin Maze is a complex visuo‐spatial learning task commonly used in neuropsychological assessment. to some extent its use has been hampered by a lack of available normative data. In this study 109 normal young adults were assessed on the maze and 95 subjects were reassessed one month later to provide information on the number of trials required to reach criterion and the savings in learning at reassessment. Results of the study are provide

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259536

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Personnel practitioners use a variety of methods to improve the accuracy of selection decisions amongst which the weighted application form is one of the best available. Predictive studies using application form information involve either differential item weighting, which ignores relationships between items, or multivariate techniques, which weight items according to the unique contribution they make to prediction. In the absence of evidence indicating which approach is better, the present study compared the efficiency of the horizontal percent method and linear discriminant analysis in an applied setting. Application forms completed by 159 nurse trainees were weighted using both methods to predict success in the first year of a training course leading to comprehensive registration. Results showed that linear discriminant analysis was more accurate than the horizontal percent method in classifying cases in the validation sample, but on cross validation there was no significant difference in classification accuracy.

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259537

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

On the basis of a probability sample (N= 729) of residents of Townsville (Australia) the phenomenon of “religion” is analysed by distinguishing among degree, domain and context of religion. All three aspects as well as their interactions are found necessary to capture an adequate understanding of religion. The results question a large number of prevailing stereotypes about religion and suggest that religion is not necessarily on the wane but is in the process of being redefi

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050068708259538

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY