摘要:

AbstractA new series of sulphur dyes was prepared by fusion of aminoquinones and aryl‐azo compounds with sodium polysulphide. These dyes possessed all round good fastness properties and their tendering effects on cellulosic materials were estimated. The complex chemical nature of the prepared dyes was investigated and representative structural formulae were suggeste

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe gelatinous precipitates from aqueous aluminium chloride solution on the addition of alkalies at various pH have been aged in the mother liquors for a given period of time. The resulting materials have been examined by X‐ray diffraction studies. In addition, the changes in the pH value of the mother liquor and the amount of aluminium dissolved in the mother liquor during ageing have been checked under various conditions. As a result, it is found that the freshly precipitated gelatinous aluminium hydroxide exists in an amorphous type independently of the pH value and goes to pseudoboehmite by ageing, but the amount of aluminium dissolved in the mother liquor increases with rising pH value. By further ageing, however, hydrargillite is produced in contact with the aqueous medium at low pH, and bayerite at higher pH.It is concluded that the crystallisation of gelatinous aluminium hydroxide precipitates aged with an aqueous medium occurs in the processand the presence of alkali plays an important role in promoting these transformation

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractValues of the nitrogen BET specific surface areas calculated from data supplied by many laboratories on four currently available surface area standards are presented and compared. Analytical data, representative adsorption isotherms and typical BET plots are given. Various factors affecting the accuracy of nitrogen BET surface area measurements are summarised.

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy using calcium carbonate powder of particle size ∼ 10 nm (and therefore of high surface area) it has been shown that the reaction CaCO3⇄ CaO + CO2can be made almost wholly reversible. A reactivity of 93% was achieved, (i.e. 93% of the calcium oxide reacted with carbon dioxide) and this was maintained for 30 24‐h decomposition‐back reaction cycles at 629 °C with no detectable decrease. This material has an energy storage capacity of 200 Wh/lb, but only about 1 kWh/ft.3When this calcium carbonate was pressed, however, to increase its bulk density (from 0.1 to ∼ 1 g/ml) there was a large decrease in its surface area and a smaller decrease in its reactivity on undergoing a few decomposition and back reaction cycles. Scaling up of the sample size from 20 mg to 10 g only had a small (× 3) effect on the rates of decomposition and ba

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA correlation of salt effect on vapour‐liquid equilibria for nonaqueous binary system is presented. The correlation is applicable to systems in which the salt is dissolved in only one of the volatile components. Assumptions are made to obtain a correlation on the basis of a simplified mechanism of salt effect. The main feature of this correlation is that it does not require an experimental parameter for the salt effect. The applicability of this method is examined by using new experimental salt effect data on benzene‐ethanol azeotropic mixture for the addition of lithium chloride, calcium chloride and zinc chloride. It was found from the examinations that the prediction of the vapour phase composition was success

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn hydrothermal reactions of lime and quartz with water or aqueous NaOH at 150 °C or 180 °C and Ca: Si = 0.83, the rate of reaction of the quartz increases with NaOH concentration. At 180 °C and Ca: Si = 0.83, the conversion into tobermorite of the semi‐crystalline calcium hydrosilicate initially formed occurs more slowly at NaOH concentrations of 0.15–2.00 M (NaOH: SiO2= 0.05 to 0.63) than in water or 5 M‐NaOH. With long reaction times at 180 °C and Ca: Si = 0.83, increasing NaOH concentration causes pectolite to replace xonotlite as the main product. At very low water contents, NaCaHSiO4is formed; this compound is conveniently made by grinding together solid NaOH, Ca(OH)2and quartz in normally humid air and heating the mixture in a closed vessel

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe proportion of α‐ and β‐alkyl naphthalenes has been determined in the products of the thermal decomposition of sulphonic acid esters of ethyl, isopropyl andsec‐butyl alcohols in naphthalene as aromatic solvent, The isomer ratios from alkylation by sulphonic acid esters are compared with that produced in alkylations by the alcohols and sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid as condensing agents. Aluminium chloride, when used as a catalyst affected the process of dealkylation—alkylation to a great extent during alkylation reaction resulting in a large difference in isomer ratio as

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEstablished methods for the estimation of fastness to washing of dyes on textiles usually involve visual estimation of changes in colour of the treated fibre. Such a method is unsuitable for certain depths of shade, when the amount of dye lost during washing is low or when a continuous record of dye loss is required. A method for the quantitative, continuous assessment of removal of disperse dye from dyed nylon 6 filament is described and has been found suitable in the case of C.I. Disperse Reds 1, 7, 13, 19, 31 and C.I. Disperse Orange 3. Rate of loss of a given dye during a washing process depends on factors such as the temperature and degree of agitation of the wash liquors, and the amount of dye already present in the wash liquors. Loss of dye is not thought to involve dye decomposition.

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe autoprecipitation of strontium ions from alkaline solutions as strontium carbonate by the action of atmospheric carbon dioxide was investigated radio‐metrically using89Sr as a tracer. Titanium hydroxide precipitatedin situwas found to enhance the autoprecipitation process of strontium ions as carbonate. The method is suggested for strontium fixation from radioactive waste solution

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model has been developed for the performance of a packed bed encapsulated enzyme reactor which includes all the resistances controlling the rate of reaction plus the effect of axial dispersion of the bulk liquid. The method of solution to the problem is based on the application of the orthogonal collocation method to both the enzyme capsule and the bulk liquid, thereby reducing the problem into one of solving a number of simultaneous first order ordinary differential equations.

ISSN:0375-9210    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.2720240411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY