摘要:

The hygienic consequence of a lamb carcass cooling process can be assessed by evaluating the product's time-temperature history at a site within the carcass cavity adjacent to the 5th and 6th lumbar vertebrae. From these data, a numerical value, the process hygiene index, is generated which reflects the amount of potential bacterial growth the process allows and is proposed as an alternative quality assurance tool for assessing lamb cooling processes. Two hygienically acceptable lamb cooling processes, one producing carcasses destined for freezing and the other producing carcasses destined for chilled processing, were monitored. Acceptable cooling processes can be conveniently described in terms of a three class sampling plan where the maximum acceptable value (M) is the highest value obtained and the target value (m) is determined as the 80th percentile value of the pooled data from acceptable runs. The number (c), the proportion of sample values that may lie between (m) and (M), is determined from the acceptable run with the highest sample values. For the process yielding carcasses destined for freezing M = 15, m = 14 and c = 20% while for that producing carcasses for chilled processing M = 9, m = 6 and c = 60%. For both processes a minimum of five samples was tested per process run. Based on these values, provisional processing guidelines for the hygienic cooling of lamb carcasses are suggested.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35746

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A gel diffusion test with sonicatedBrucella ovisantigen and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on heat-extracted antigen were used to distinguish false from true reactions in a complement fixation test based on heat-extracted antigen. Of 142 complement fixing reactors (occurring in supposedlyBrucellu ovis-free, accredited flocks), the gel diffusion test correctly identified the status of 139 animals as compared to 128 with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A combination of the two methods resulted in a correct identification of 141 animals. The procedures provide an easy, cheap and quick way to determine the true status of reactors that show up during routine use of the complement fixation test inBrucella ovisre-accreditation procedures.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35747

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effectiveness of a commonly advocated five drench preventive drenching programme in lambs was assessed on nine farms in the Gisborne, Hawkes Bay and Wairarapa districts between December 1983 and March 1985.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35748

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed and compared with the serum neutralisation test for bovine pestivirus using 508 cattle sera and serial serum samples from a goat hyperimmunised with five bovine pestivirus isolates.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35749

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Eighteen of 23 red deer (Cervus eluphus) at a deer slaughtering premises were successfully stunned with an apparatus modified from that normally used to stun sheep. The five unsuccessful electrical stuns were associated with poor head restraint and poor head contact by the electrodes. The median stunning current was 0.9 A, and in the majority of cases the duration of stunning was less than 1 second. The signs of the electrically induced epileptiform seizures in the deer were dissimilar to those seen in sheep, cattle and pigs, in that the initial tonic phase was less marked, and of shorter duration. A similar shorter and less obvious tonic phase was noted in four deer shot with a captive bolt pistol. Two animals which were electrically stunned, and bled within 10 seconds, showed no signs of recovery while bleeding.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35750

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One hundred and fifteen young red deer (Cervus elaphus), heavily infected with lungworm (Dictyocaulus viviparus) and lightly infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes, were divided into three groups. One group of 50 animals was treated with one adult sheep dose of a slow-release albendazole capsule, another group of 50 was dosed orally five times with liquid albendazole and 15 were left as untreated controls. The capsule eliminated faecal lungworm larvae during the 103-day trial period There was a highly significant difference in faecal larval counts between the capsule-treated and control group. Over the trial period, the mean body weight gain of the untreated, liquid albendazole and capsule-treated animals was 0.1 kg, 4.5 kg and 7.8 kg respectively.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35751

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A 7-year-old Thoroughbred racehorse developed loud exercise-related respiratory noises and exercise intolerance over a short period. Examination showed congenital cricopharyngeal-laryngeal dysplasia (rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch) and also left sided idiopathic laryngeal hemiparesis, the latter appearing to be of recent clinical onset. The animal developed colic some months after laryngeal surgery and a nephrosplenic entrapment was surgically corrected. Aerophagia and regurgitation worsened after surgery and, after developing inhalation pneumonia, the animal was destroyed. Post-mortem examination confirmed the presence of idiopathic laryngeal hemiparesis and of cricopharyngeal-laryngeal dysplasia which had some previously undescribed laryngeal muscle abnormalities.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35752

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A pelvic limb paresis of 6 weeks duration in a yearling sheep resulted from protozoan encephalomyelitis involving the spinal cord at the thoracolumbar junction. An elevated lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration but normal cisternal cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration indicated the presence of a thoracolumbar inflammatory lesion resulting in cord compression which obstructed the rostral flow of the cerebrospinal fluid. Under general anaesthesia, myelography at the lumbo-sacral site demonstrated blockage to the rostral flow of contrast medium at T13L1. At necropsy, there were no gross pathological changes at T13/L1, but histopathology revealed non-tract specific lymphocytic perivascular cuffing, axonal swelling and oedema in the spinal cord, characteristic of a protozoa1 encephalomyelitis. No parasites were detected in the multiple spinal cord sections examined but immunocytochemistry identified antigens cross-reactive withSarcocystisspp. antigens in glial cells in these lesions.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35753

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The pH of abomasal fluid from five purebred Canadian wapiti which were diagnosed with chronic illthrift (“fading”) was found to be elevated compared to ten clinically normal red and hybrid (wapiti × red) deer. The average abomasal pH of the affected elk was 6.3, compared to 2.5 for the unaffected red and hybrid deer.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35754

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A free-living brown hare (Lepus europaeus occidentalis) trapped during a survey of tuberculous possums in the Ahaura Valley, Westland, was found to have both microbiological and histopathological evidence of infection withMycobacterium bovis. The mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged and showed extensive caseation, tuberculous nodules were present in the liver and kidney, and there was a proliferative pleurisy. Histologically, characteristic tuberculous granulomatous foci were seen in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, kidney, pleura and lungs, often in association with small numbers of acid-fast organisms. This is the first report of naturally occurring tuberculosis due toM. bovisin the brown hare.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1993.35755

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor