摘要:

In dairying countries worldwide, the economic importance of lameness in cattle is now recognised. Laminitis is regarded as a major predisposing factor in lameness caused by claw disorders such as white zone lesions, sole ulcer, and heel horn erosion. The existence of “subclinical” laminitis was first suggested in the late 1970s by Dutch workers describing the symptoms of sole haemorrhages and yellowish-coloured, soft sole horn. In an attempt to clarify some of the confusing and often conflicting terminology, the literature on laminitis is reviewed.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35718

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The vascular organisation of the hind limb claws from clinically normal cattle was studied using plastic corrosion casts. The proper digital artery ran dorsodistally within the interdigital space and gave off a bulbar branch to the bulb, a plantar branch to the axial aspect of the wall and sole, and a coronary artery to the coronary margin and proximal wall. The artery entered the distal phalanx at the axial foramen, coursed through the nutrient canal as the terminal arch, and emerged at the abaxial foramen to anastomose with branches of the bulbar artery. During its interosseous course, the terminal branch gave off 6– 8 primary branches which provided the arterial supply to the coronary margin, axial and abaxial wall, white zone and sole.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35719

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The vascular organisation of the hind limb claws of clinically normal cattle was studied using scanning electron micrographs of plastic corrosion casts. The microvasculature of the dermal papillae and lamellae was demonstrated. A consistent vascular pattern was observed in the dermal papillae of the periople, coronary margin, sole and bulb. Ultrastructurally, the papillar vasculature consisted of a central artery and vein surrounded by a fine network of interconnected capillaries and venules. Arteriovenous anastomoses, connecting the central artery and vein, and peripherally situated arteriovenous loops were recognised in the terminal papillae of the white zone only. Arteriovenous anastomoses, focal enlargements and distension of the capillary bed were located within the interior half of the dermal lamellae. Numerous arteriovenous anastomoses were present throughout the entire dermis of the claw and were situated predominantly at the base of the dermal papillae and lamellae. The anastomoses and focal capillary enlargements may influence the blood flow in normal conditions and may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of bovine laminitis and sole ulceration.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35720

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Possums (Trichosurus vulpeculu) captured for the first time (single-capture) had significantly lower blood lymphocyte and eosinophil counts, but higher neutrophil counts than possums which had been captured frequently. Single-capture possums also had depressed lymphocyte responses to concanavalin A (males and females) and pokeweed mitogen (males only). The haematological changes and the depressed lymphocyte reactivity to the T-cell mitogens were consistent with the animals being in a stressed state following capture for the first time. The haematological profile of single-capture possums changed to a profile similar to that of the frequently captured possums following housing in cages for 1 week, and high lymphocyte responses to T-cell mitogens were recorded following housing for 3–5 weeks. This information, together with body weight data, indicates that a minimum of 4 weeks adaptation to housing in cages should be allowed before possums are used in experimental studies.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35721

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The clinical and morphological features of an encephalomyelopathy in five related Birman kittens are described. The five kittens showed hind limb paresis and ataxia which progressed to hind limb paralysis. Four of the kittens had bilateral nuclear cataracts. Histological examination revealed diffuse lesions within the brain and spinal cord, especially within the thoracolumbar spinal cord. The major changes were foci of spongy change and vacuolation along with Wallerian degeneration. All kittens were inbred and an inherited aetiology was suspected.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35722

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Twenty-four red deer hinds with their calves were released on to a newly established pure red clover sward and, 2 days later, red staining of the tail, perineum and hocks was observed. This was presumed to be of urinary origin. Observation of micturition showed that when urine was passed, it was a normal straw colour but it turned scarlet-red about 1 hour after exposure to air. Midstream urine remained the normal colour when held under a pure nitrogen atmosphere immediately after micturition, but it turned red when held in air in the dark, suggesting that the colour change was due to an oxidative rather than a photosensitive reaction. All deer grazing red clover were affected but this did not occur in deer grazing ryegrass/white clover swards. No adverse effects were observed in the deer grazing the red clover, and calf growth was significantly higher than on ryegrass/white clover, suggesting that the red urine had no effect on health or productivity.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35723

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Twenty cats from Nelson with distinctive crusting and erosive dermatitis of the nasal bridge and histological lesions of eosinophilic dermatitis, often with collagenolysis, were examined in 1990 and 1991. Four of the cats also had pinnal dermatitis and five had eruptive lesions on the chin. The condition was intermittent and seasonal, occurring in summer and autumn. It is probable that the lesions were caused by hypersensitivity to insect bites, as has been demonstrated in a similar clinicopathological syndrome recently recognised in Australia.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35724

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Until 1989 it was believed that pleuropneumonia caused byActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaedid not occur in New Zealand and that the organism was not present here(1).

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1992.35726

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor