摘要:

ABSTRACT*:The improvement of the proficiency and capabilities of management staff of public enterprises (BUMN) in Indonesia has become more important with the introduction of a public sector policy which focuses on the efficiency, cost recovery and profitability of public enterprises. Management training in Indonesian BUMN is in most cases an instrument of career development for management staff. Training programmes continue to be influenced by the training concepts of the civil service and reflect the fact that despite the business orientation of the official public sector policy, BUMN continue to be part of the political/administrative system. Business orientation, efficiency, entrepreneurship and profit orientation are seen as the most important characteristics of BUMN managers to be developed in the training programmes; however, management training also aims at the political socialization of BUMN managers into the national leadership. In the implementation of management training, public enterprises tend to cooperate most closely with their respective technical departments and the university sector. Considering the objectives of the public sector policy of the government, BUMN should be allowed to design and implement their management training without interference from other central government institutions.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01801.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT*:Are organizations that use volunteers content to accept all of the volunteer labour offered to them, or do they make some sort of demand‐side decision as to how much volunteer labour to use? This paper looks for evidence of such a demand curve for volunteer labour in data collected by the Urban Institute in the early 1980s. Evidence is found that organizations are consistent over time in their use of volunteer labou

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01802.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT*:The paper presents and analyses the birth and evolution of social cooperatives for work integration in Italy. Born spontaneously in response to the failure of policies for the employment of disadvantaged workers, this particular entrepreneurial form was recognized and regulated in 1991 by enactment of a special law. The paper sets out the main results of recent research studies, results which enable quantification of the phenomenon and illustration of its principal features, as well as providing preliminary information on the effectiveness of this type of cooperative in the integration of disadvantaged workers into the internal or open labour market and on the variables that influence their results. The paper therefore highlights both the advantages and the drawbacks of these initiatives. Overcoming these drawbacks seems to be conditional on recognition of social cooperatives for work integration as instruments of employment policy.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

RÉSUMÉ**:Les entreprises publiques sont le fil conducteur de cet article. Elles sont to&d'abord envisagées sous l'angle de la disparition soit pour cause d'incapacitéà poursuivre leur activité, soit pow cause de privatisation. Ensuite elles sont étudiées dans une perspective constructive en constatant d'abord la vaste étendue du secteur public, puis en soulignant la nécessité d'une modernisation de leur gestion. Enfin nous avons dégagé diffe'rents arguments pour que 1'Etat adopte une conception active de sa participation au processus de transition et tracé deux pistes de réflexion: la cre'ation de holdings publics et le développement de la m

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT*:The author highlights the problems and prospects of public enterprises within the European Union, as well as the major adjustments considered necessary for these enterprises to fulfil their role. He argues that general criteria determining whether the production of goods and services should be in the public sector cannot be readily established in the European Union, since public supply does not solely depend on the specific economic characteristics of the particular good or service, but also on the prevailing social, cultural and economic conditions in each country, on the economic policy pursued, and on the structural characteristics of its private and public sectors, including entrepreneurial and trade union behaviour.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Local authorities in Greece were considered until recently instruments for the implementation of government policy. The article focuses on the major nomothetical reforms in the history of modern Greece to revive local autonomy and provide local people with more opportunities to define their own development needs. Apart from criticizing those reforms and raising points of interest for other countries with a highly centralized system of government, the prospects for community development in Greece are examined and a number of suggestions are offered.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1996.tb01807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY