摘要:

AbstractWhen certain silicates are applied to phosphorus‐deficient soils they improve crop growth. The effects of waste slags containing calcium silicate from iron and steel manufacture on crop yields and on phosphorus uptakes were investigated.In a pot experiment on barley grown on acid soil, ordinary blast‐furnace slags gave smaller increases in yields than equal weights of calcium carbonate or ‘falling’ haematite blast‐furnace slags. Slags made by special steel‐producing processes were more active than calcium carbonate and gave higher yields both with and without added phosphate.In field experiments ‘falling’ haematite blast‐furnace slags behaved in the same way as ground limestone and did not promote extra uptake of phosphorus by the crops. When no fertilizer phosphorus was applied, steel‐furnace slags were more active than ground limestone, and gave higher yields of swedes containing more phosphorus. When superphosphate was applied, steel‐furnace slags were still somewhat superior to limestone.Both ‘falling’ blast‐furnace slags and the steel‐furnace slags were active liming materials. Steel‐furnace slags had the additional property of increasing the amounts of phosphorus taken up by the crops.The reactions between silicates and soil phosphorus compounds require further study. Methods of characterizing products which promote the uptake of soil

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740070111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple and quick method has been standardized for the determination of starch in banana pseudostem. The material is treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide in the cold to dissolve the starch, and the time of flow of a definite volume of the resultant solution through a capillary is determined and the starch content calculated by reference to a standard curve.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740070112

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe now have a fairly complete picture of the nitrogen cycle in grassland soils and the relevant features are discussed.The large amounts of nitrogen needed to obtain high production from pastures are derived initially almost entirely from nitrogen‐fixation by clovers in New Zealand, where under some of the better conditions clovers may fix about 600 lb. of nitrogen per acre per year. The associated grasses derive their nitrogen from soil organic matter, underground transference from clovers, and from excreted nitrogen when a pasture is grazed. With appropriate management and proper nutrition, clover production can be maintained and the organic matter content of soils may increase rapidly to high levels. The various ways in which nitrogen may be lost from the cycle, and gaps in our knowledge are indicated.The tremendous influence of the clover‐grass‐animal association on the organic cycle is discussed, and if the C: N: organic S: organic P ratio in soils is assumed to remain fairly constant, it is clear that sulphur and phosphorus may be two most important nutrients during the phase of accumulation of organic matter under pastures where clovers are being relied upon as the main source of nit

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740070113

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe importance of flour lipids in breadmaking is reviewed and described. Particular attention is drawn to a flour lipid fraction, perhaps lipoprotein, which appears to be an important factor in the mechanism of bread improvement. Some properties of flour lipids are given, including ultra‐violet spectrophotometric and countercurrent distribution data; the effects of different extracting solvents are considered. The influences of flour extraction rate, treatment and natural ageing are indicated in relation to defatted flours. The properties of bread made from defatted flour and of bread lipids are also discussed. The unusual behaviour of added shortening in bread prepared from defatted flour is examine

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740070114

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn an improved process for the separation of alcohols and phenols as borate esters from other volatile substances, transesterification with butyl borate is carried out in a solvent such as methylcyclohexane which forms an azeotrope with butyl alcohol. The boratization of soluble hydroxylic compounds proceeds quickly to an easily recognized completion. Trilinalyl borate has been prepared by this method and is pyrolysed only above 150°. The application of the new procedure to the isolation of geijerene from the essential oil ofGeijera parvifloraLindley is described

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740070115

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY