摘要:

AbstractThe history of the disorder of peas known as Marsh Spot is reviewed and its relation to manganese deficiency in the plant caused by deficiency or unavailability in the soil is discussed. The effect on the seed may be prevented by spraying a solution of a manganese salt on the crop at flowering time, but several applications at intervals during growth are probably necessary to ensure a healthy crop. Other advantages of the use of manganese are also mentioned and reference is made to the effect of Marsh Spot on consumer quality.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVanillin, when added to maize or potato starch in concentrations of 0‐1 to 1‐5%, becomes bound to the starch in the course of a few weeks so that it is no longer removed completely by ether extraction. Almost complete recovery can, however, be obtained by gelatinization of the starch in cold aqueous alkali and ether extraction after acidification.Waxy maize starch showed much less extensive and rapid binding of vanillin. As a possible explanation of the difference between the two types of starch, the packing of vanillin in the amylose spirals is postulated and discus

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil ofDacrydium biformehas been fractionated in an efficient column and is shown to contain at least 15 constituents. Eight of these have been identified with known compounds, namely, myrcene, β‐terpinene, (+)‐longifolene, (+)‐aromadendrene, (‐)‐metrosiderene, (+)‐δ‐cadinene, (+)‐phyllocladene, and α‐camphorene. Other constituents include oxygenated terpenes, and a solid s

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree different seaweed meals,Laminaria cloustoni, Ascophyllum nodosumandLaminaria saccharina, were fed to poultry in three different experiments. In each experiment levels of 10% and 20% in a basal ration were compared with the basal ration itself.When the seaweed was low in energy the birds showed loss in weight or lowered egg production or both. The high chloride intake when the ration contained seaweed resulted in a greatly increased water intake and a heavy excretion of both chloride and water, but this did not appear to affect the general health of the birds. Changes observed in calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen retentions and balances could be explained on the basis of changes in egg production. The seaweeds had no effect on the chemical composition of egg content and shell, nor on porosity and shell thickness. On the basis of these criteria seaweed meals therefore had no beneficial effects and at the higher level of 20% were detrimental in some respects.In a further, long‐term feeding experimentLaminaria cloustoni(stipe),Laminaria cloustoni(frond) andAscophyllum nodosumwere fed at levels of 10% and 15%, each level being given for 100 days. The results, as far as they were comparable, supported the more detailed balance experiment

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCharcoal columns have been examined as a means of separating D‐glucose and L‐fucose obtained on acid hydrolysis of brown seaweeds. Glucose and fucose can be isolated on the one‐gramme scale from synthetic mixtures and from hydrolysates of appropriate seaweeds on a column (46 × 5.0 cm.) with water as eluant; but difficulties are encountered on scaling up the process. Demineralization of mannitol‐salt mixtures and the isolation of laminaribiose from partially hydrolysed laminarin can also be effected on charcoal

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparative study of the ‘Research’ Extensometer and the Brabender Extensograph has been made using three different schedules for the test samples and three types of dough holders with the Extensometer.In general, differences in the procedure of handling dough‐pieces cause more effect on the shape of the load‐extension curve than do differences between machines. Impaling of the dough directly on the Extensometer modifies the shape of the load‐extension curves: this is attributed to structural activation of the dough in the impaling process. An Extensometer dough holder is described which permits the dough to be rested between impaling and stretching.For structural relaxation studies the range of extensibility provided by the Extensometer must be increased by lengthening the dr

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSoil‐free plant material has been artificially contaminated with soil to definite levels and the resulting samples analysed for the commonly determined major and trace mineral elements. Considerable errors resulted from such analyses.Various degrees of washing of plant material prior to analysis have been examined to find the leaching losses that such treatments may cause. All but a spray method were found to cause considerable loss of both major and trace elements.Several known methods of estimating the degree of soil contamination in herbage samples have been compared, and a procedure based upon the determination of aluminium is outline

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn adiabatic calorimeter is described, suitable for investigating the thermal characteristics and phase composition of fats over a wide temperature range. Specific heats and differences in heat content are measured with maximum errors of 5% and 0.7% respectively. Sources of error in the calculation of percentages of solid and liquid phase from the data are discussed. Results are given for six samples of cocoa butter. Possible reasons are considered for the rise in the specific heat curve observed at about −20

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA more sensitive modification of an ultra‐violet absorption method for detecting mercury vapour is described, capable of detecting IO−10g. of mercury vapour in approximately 50 ml. of air. No sorption of mercury vapour could be detected on Pyrex glass vessels. Sorption on wheat is influenced much more by changes in the moisture content than by changes of temperature within the normal range of both factors. Most of the mercury sorbed is chemically combined, but with drier grain some can be recovered by airing. The reaction of mercury vapour with wheat continues even after two years' exposure to the fumigant. Concentrations of mercury lethal to normal grain weevil eggs are likely to extend for two feet around foci of diffusion in a mass of grain. Health hazards appear to be sli

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGroundnuts, both undecorticated and separated into husk, cotyledon and germ, have been fumigated with methyl bromide. The sorption of the fumigant increases in all cases with the moisture content. Sorption is disproportionately greater as dosage increases, for cotyledons and germ, but not for husks. Over a wide range of relative humidities, the equilibrium moisture content of the husk is greater than, and that of the cotyledons less than, the moisture content of the germ.Field trials in England and in Nigeria have confirmed that under normal conditions groundnuts are unharmed by methyl bromide fumigation. Fungal attack is suppressed and early development mildly stimulated by the treatment.High doses of methyl bromide will impair the germination of groundnuts of too high a moisture content. The tip of the radicle is destroyed, but there is no evidence of combination of the gas with any major constituent of the seed.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740061210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY