ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper is in two parts: in the first the literature on the development and present usage of arboricides is reviewed; in the second some experimental work carried out in Africa during recent years is briefly described.The most widely used arboricide for the destruction of individual trees is sodium arsenite; promising non‐poisonous substitutes are ammonium sulphamate and synthetic plant‐growth regulators based on phenoxyacetic acid. These growth regulators are also being used successfully in certain instances for the treatment of unwanted trees or scrub, both in land clearing and in forestry operations. The control of mesquite (Prosopisspp.) in Texas and of woody vegetation on road verges in the U.S.A. generally are outstanding examples.The experimental work in Africa has been mainly concerned with the initial evaluation of arboricides and defoliants as part of the general problem of tsetse‐fly control. The results have shown that the synthetic growth‐regulators are promising for certain applications. Further work is in p

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen sewage sludge is incinerated the ash contains most of the phosphorus present in the sludge. The fertilizer value of phosphorus in ashes prepared from three sewage sludges was investigated by pot experiments.One sludge prepared from domestic sewage contained phosphorus which appeared to be equivalent to water‐soluble phosphorus in a pot experiment on turnips. After this sludge was burnt at 900° the phosphorus in the ash remaining was of very little value.Three sewage sludges were burned at approximately 350°, 600° and 900° and the ashes were compared as phosphorus fertilizers with superphosphate in a pot experiment on radishes. Ashes prepared at low temperatures contained phosphorus of some value to radishes. Ashes prepared at higher temperatures from two digested sludges containing some calcium carbonate were useless. High‐temperature burning of a third sludge prepared by acid precipitation from sewage containing wool residues gave products which had some value as phosphorus fertilizers.The 2% citric acid test used for basic slags did not differentiate between sewage‐sludge ashes of varying fertilizer value.Ash remaining after burning most sludges is not likely to have much value as a phosphorus fertilizer, but any product made in quantity may be worth biologica

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of temperature and alkali concentration on the formation of ammonia during the alkaline hydrolysis of haddock actomyosin has been studied. It was found that temperature rather than alkali concentration is the more important factor in ammonia formation. At higher temperatures, ammonia in excess of that which could be attributed to amide groups and arginine is produced. It is considered that this excess of ammonia arises from the decomposition of other amino‐acid

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe acid and alkaline hydrolysis of haddock actomyosin has been followed by the determination of free amino‐acids and free amino groups. It was found that although amino‐acid decomposition, like ammonia formation, is dependent on temperature, being greater at higher temperatures, the rate of peptide‐bond hydrolysis is influenced more by alkali concentration than by temper

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe fate of γ‐benzene hexachloride in both normal and benzene hexachloride‐resistant houseflies(Musca domestica)has been studied by radiochemical methods by means of14C‐labelled γ‐benzene hexachloride. After exposure to the insecticide the resistant flies showed less radioactivity in carbon tetrachloride extracts than did the normal flies, but paper chromatography of these extracts showed the radioactive compound present to be γ‐benzene hexachloride. A proportion of the absorbed benzene hexachloride in both kinds of flies is converted into water‐soluble products which are not extracted by carbon tetrachloride, and the amount of this product is greater for resistant flies, being approximately 50% of the total benzene hexachloride absorbed during six hours' exposure of the insects to t

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe fractionation by displacement chromatography on ion‐exchange resins of the aqueous‐alcoholic extracts of the muscle of six species of flat fish, as well as four members of the pelagic group, has shown the presence of a variety of amino‐acids in addition to creatine, creatinine and trimethylamine oxide, which are common to all. On the whole, the diagrams for the flat fishes are rather similar to those previously recorded for the gadoids. The pelagic species differ from both these groups by the presence of large amounts of histidine and by the absence of carnosine, anserine and the latter's constituent amino‐acids, methylhistidine and β

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe dithiol (4‐methyl‐1 : 2‐dimercaptobenzene) reagent is more sensitive for the determination of molybdenum than is the more commonly used thiocyanate. A method is described for the determination of molybdenum in soils, in which dithiol is used for the final colorimetric estimation. The soil extract is evaporated to dryness, dissolved in hydrochloric acid and copper extracted with dithizone. Molybdenum is then separated from iron by extraction as the thiocyanate, which is then decomposed by digestion with sulphuric acid. The molybdenum is finally precipitated as the dithiol complex and extracted by amyl acetate for colorimetric estimation. The whole determination can be carried out in a Quickfit test‐tube and is both rapid and accurate.The results indicate that none of the elements commonly found in soils, tested in the quantities in which they normally occur, is likely to interfere with the determ

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe investigation was carried out on a large‐scale vacuum shelf drier.The rate of drying falls from the start and is influenced more by the degree of vacuum in the drier and the moisture content of the mass introduced to the drier than by the shelf temperature.The drying mechanism was investigated by measuring the temperature and moisture content at various positions within a drying block. It was found that drying takes place across the section of each block towards its centre, thus causing substantial variations in temperature and moisture content at different levels within the block.It is suggested that such variations during the drying of milk crumb will affect the characteristics of chocolate made from i

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDiazoacetonitrile is prepared in one stage from methyleneaminoacetonitrile and added to 2 : 5‐dimethylhexa‐2 : 4‐diene. The resultant mixture of (±)‐trans‐ and (±)‐cis‐chrysanthemonitrile is hydrolysed to (±)‐trans‐chrysanthemamide and to (±)‐trans‐chrysanthemic acid.It is shown that (±)‐cis‐chrysanthemonitrile undergoes conversion into thetrans‐isomer (epimerization) during alkaline hydrolysis. Hence the adduct nitrile hydrolyses to chrysanthemic acid containing no mo

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740060210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY