摘要:

AbstractFillets of cod were frozen at different speeds under various pressures. The effects of pressure on cell damage caused during the freezing and on denaturation of the proteins during subsequent cold storage were studied, and found to vary according to the experimental conditions. They were, however, less important than the effect of the rate of freezing, and in no cases were pressed fillets after storage inferior to unpressed in ‘eating’ quality. It was concluded therefore that pressure during freezing was not harmful, but could be of benefit by accelerating the freezing through improved contact between the fillets and the cooling pla

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090501

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe action of intercellular ice on muscle cells was studied by means of the deoxyribose nucleic acid method in fish fillets frozen at different speeds. It was found that there was a zone of minimum damage at a freezing time of about 115 minutes, the most rapid freezing time at which all ice was able to form in the intercellular spaces. Since the ice masses were relatively small (little bigger than the muscle cells) they did not deform or damage the cells to any great extent. With slower freezing, cell damage was found to increase to a maximum value at 200–500 minutes (‘Peak C’), and the manner by which this was brought about is discussed; thereafter it decreased again. It was also found that in very slow freezing the strong salt solutions created by the freezing out of water from the weakly saline interstitial fluids exercised considerable solvent effects on the fibres, without actually breaking them open. The concentration of protein in the interstitial fluid tended therefore to increase in very slow freezing (freezing time about 750 min

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090502

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCell damage occurring at a freezing time of 25 minutes ( ‘peak A ’) was investigated, and found to be the result of the mechanical action during freezing expansion of ice crystals of a certain critical size growing within the cell. Supercooling, followed by a sudden rapid growth of ice, at the onset of freezing was found not to damage the cells unduly. Evidence was presented to show that the expressed fluid of cod fillets originates near the cut surface only, and does not come from the deeper lay

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090503

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe papain‐inhibiting factor of soya is shown to be concentrated almost entirely in the germ. The cotyledon is without inhibiting power and sometimes has a slight activating effect. A similar distribution of papain‐inhibiting factors is shown to exist in other leguminous seeds. Additions of 0–2% to 0–4% of raw soya germ alter the Chopin alveogram of the wheat flour in the same sense as do additions of oxidizing im

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090504

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults are given of a survey of the readily soluble sulphate content and of the total sulphur content of soils of various categories. These results have been correlated with the results of ‘routine’ analytical determinations. The close relationship found to exist between pC and readily soluble sulphate stresses the importance of the sulphate ion in the physico‐chemical equilibrium of soil. Published results of other workers are reviewed, and comparisons drawn with the results obtained in the present survey. A deficiency of sulphur is considered unlikely in plants growing on the soils included in the present survey, although in a few cases the readily soluble sulphate content may be approaching a deficiency

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090505

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTriterpenoid saponins from various plants have been subjected to paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography and a special examination has been made of lucerne saponins. These bulk saponins and those from a number of other plants appear to be mixtures, probably varying both in glycosidic and sapogenin structure. An explanation is suggested for some striking differences between paper chromatographic and paper electrophoretic results given by certain saponins.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090506

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method for the determination of phosphate in citric acid extracts, without previous oxidation, is given. The effect of citric acid and molybdate concentration has been investigated. It is shown that the effect of citric acid can be overcome by increasing the concentration of molybdate reagent. Consideration has been given to the differences in the phosphate content of soil extracts as given by the direct and oxidation methods of determination.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090507

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAntioxidants can be used in one of three ways to protect baked products against oxidative rancidity: (1) direct incorporation in the product, (2) antioxidant‐impregnated papers and (3) spraying of antioxidants.The oxidative stability of baked products is influenced considerably by factors such as raising agent residues, flour extraction rate, moisture content and trace‐metal content which can make the practical assessment of the value of an antioxidant a matter of some difficulty. The legal position regarding the use of antioxidants is briefly discus

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090508

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTests on the through‐circulation drying ofAscophyllum nodosumon a semi‐commercial scale have been conducted with a batch dryer to determine the optimum conditions. It was found that there was a maximum feasible loading for rockweed of 80% initial moisture content of approximately 8 Ib./sq. ft. in each layer and that four layers were enough to insure full use of drying air at an air mass flow of 20 Ib. dry air/min./sq. ft. The effects of variations in the fraction of air recirculated, air‐flow reversal, and temperature (160–220° F) have been studied with particular reference to output and thermal efficiency. High outputs were recorded at heat consumptions of<2500 B.Th.U./Ib. of water ev

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090509

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBenzene hexachloride may be separated from mixtures with most other substances by treatment with fuming sulphuric acid on a kieselguhr column. A method employing this device for the determination of γ‐isomer in complex formulations and a method of making the nitromethane‐silica partition chromatographic column from readily available materials are descr

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740090510

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY