摘要:

AbstractThe fermentation changes in herbage inoculated with selected strains of lactobacilli were studied in two experiments. In the first,Lolium multiflorumcontaining 16.2% of soluble carbohydrates was used in four silos, the treatments being: control, inoculated, molassed, inoculated‐molassed. All silages were well preserved (pH 3.9–4.1), the gaseous losses being the lowest in the molassed herbages.In the second experiment,Dactylis glomerataof low soluble carbohydrate content (4.3%) was used and the treatments were: control, inoculated, bruised, inoculated‐bruised. The material which had been inoculated and bruised was well preserved (pH 4.2) while the non‐bruised herbages were badly preserved (pH 4.9) and had higher gaseous losses. The bruised silage without inoculation had pH 4.5.The results suggest that there may be no advantage in inoculating herbage rich in soluble carbohydrates, but that herbage of low sugar content may benefit from such tr

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150701

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe way in which oiled wraps reduce the incidence of superficial scald in cold‐stored apples has been studied by determining the composition of the skin coating of the apple and that of the lipid material that is transferred to the wrap during storage. The skin coating of apples treated with diphenylamine, another scald inhibitor, was also analysed.In the fatty acid fraction from the apple, the C18group of acids predominated, followed by C16and C20. Other odd‐ and even‐numbered acids from C9to C22were found. The principal hydrocarbon was the normal C29, followed by the C27, C25and C28normal hydrocarbons. Other odd‐ and even‐numbered members of the series between C10and C31were also found.The fatty acid fraction absorbed by the wrap was about 10% of that of the unwrapped apple. Its composition approximated to that of the apple except that it was deficient in linoleic, linolenic, arachidic and behenic acids. The effect of diphenylamine was to reduce the total yield of carbon straight‐chain compounds but the acid and hydrocarbon composition was substantially unaltered. The results suggest that neither fatty acids nor hydrocarbons are involved in the protectant action of oiled wraps or of di

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150702

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sorption isotherms of phenol and of ethylene dibromide in aqueous solutions with sand loams, silt loams and peaty soils are found to be linear. The degree of sorption shows correlations with the physical characteristics of the soils, and sorption coefficients are shown to depend mainly on the soil type rather than on the solute used.The percolation of phenol in aqueous solution through different soil types is shown to follow a chromatographic process, and substantial agreement with a theory of chromatography is found.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150703

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhenol is used as a test chemical to simulate a water‐soluble nematicide.The concentration‐time product (C.T.P.) of phenol solutions percolated through water‐saturated soil profiles remains approximately constant at all depths, the band width broadening gradually.When percolated through weakly sorptive soils (sands, silts) which have similar linear sorption isotherms, the rate of leaching of the phenol band is directly proportional to the percolation rate and the C.T.P. is inversely proportional to the percolation rate. For highly sorptive soils (peats) with linear sorption isotherms, other factors have to be introduced.Sufficient winter rainfall is experienced in this country to leach the phenol band through 1–1 1/2 ft. depth, depending on the so

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150704

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA band of phenol solution moves upwards through the soil layers under surface drying conditions.Surface impaction by raindrops and temperature changes affect the percolation rate and hence the leaching rate of phenol.Under certain conditions, soil bacteria may cause loss of phenol by degradation.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150705

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFlour is enriched with vitamin B1, nicotinic acid and iron by adding a master‐mix which, in addition to flour and the two vitamins, normally contains reduced iron (ferrum redactum).Master‐mixes containing different iron salts have been examined for their oxidative stability and it has been found that the length of the induction period of the master‐mix in oxygen at 100° and the time for it to develop a rancid taint when stored at room temperature vary with the salt used.The length of the induction period of a master‐mix is a useful guide to its effect on the oxidative stability of a flour to which it has been added. Enriched flours which developed rancidity taints were those containing master‐mixes with short induction periods.Other factors including chemical treatment are shown to affect the oxidative stability of a flour. In addition, vitamin B1has been found to have pro‐oxidant and nicotinic acid to have antioxid

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150706

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method is described for the rapid determination of copper, iron, manganese and zinc on separate aliquots of a single plant digest solution. The coefficients of variation for these elements should not exceed 5% for strawberry, blackcurrant, apple and plum leaves. More variable results may be obtained for zinc in raspberry leaves but the reason for this is not clear.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150707

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study has been made, by means of factorial sand culture pot experiments, of the relationship between N, P, K and Mg concentrations in the laminae of recently matured leaves of strawberry at flowering, at fruiting and after fruiting, and the yield and grade of fruit. Leaf‐N levels at flowering and at fruiting are higher in pot plants than in plants growing under field conditions. Thus the relation between leaf‐N and yield derived from pot experiments, in which the N‐supply is kept constant, differs from that in the field, where the N‐supply declines throughout the growing season. The agreement with field experience is good for phosphorus and potassium. Standard leaf values representing deficient, marginal and sufficient concentrations of N, P, K and Mg at flowering, at fruiting and after fruiting are su

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150708

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSilages from different sources were arranged into two groups according to their palatability for cattle, and assayed for their amine, aldehyde and keto‐acid content. A correlation between tryptamine content and palatability was established. None of the assayed aminesper sewas found to have a direct influence upon appetite, although histamine enhanced the appetite‐depressing action of formaldehyde. Only formaldehyde, but not acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde, was found to exert a strong influence upon the appetite of rumina

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150709

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractElectrophoretic analyses were made on acetic acid‐extracts of flour milled from five varieties of Hard Red Winter wheat grown at six locations. The electrophoretic experiments were performed in phosphate buffer, pH 3‐0, Γ/2 0‐05. Differences were found in the distribution of the protein components and the protein content for locations of growth as well as for varieties. This also applies to the amount of protein extractable by acetic acid and that remaining after dialysis. The long‐mixing flours had less glutenin‐gliadin than the short‐mixing flours. The better‐quality flours (which also required longer mixing) also contained more of the salt‐

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740150710

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1964

数据来源: WILEY