摘要:

AbstractEquivalent sweetness to varying levels of sucrose was determined for naringin dihydrochalcone (ND), neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHD), hesperetin dihydrochalcone glucoside (HDG) and aspartylphenylalanine methyl ester (AP). The effect of sucrose and these compounds at equivalent sweetness levels on thresholds of limonin and naringin was determined. HDG was the most effective compound and sucrose the least effective in raising the threshold or suppressing bitterness of both limonin and naringin. At 1% sucrose equivalence, limonin thresholds were increased 0,40, 150 and 220% for sucrose, NHD, AP and HDG, respectively. At 5% sucrose equivalence, naringin thresholds were increased 80, 90, 145 and 180% by AP, sucrose, NHD and HDG, respectively.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251002

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAqueous emulsions containing 10, 15 and 20% of candelilla wax (CW) were used for coating limes. The best preservation was got with 15% CW. Fruits treated with emulsions of different pH—6.50, 9.20 and 9.80—showed no reduction in the weight loss. The coatings of deresinised CW presented a non‐beneficial effect.Limes coated with commercial wax lost slightly less weight than those with 15% CW. In all cases, citrus fruits were stored at room temperature. Changes of pH, acidity and ascorbic acid during storage were very similar with commercial or CW emul

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251003

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGas‐chromatographic analysis of the volatile oils of the leaves, stem‐bark and root‐bark of commercial cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), grown in Sri Lanka revealed interesting differences between them. All three oils possessed the same array of monoterpene hydrocarbons though in different proportions. The main constituents of leaf, bark and root oils are eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and camphor, respectively. Besides these, several other significant differences were observed. α‐Ylangene, methyl and ethyl cinnamate in leaf oil, benzyl benzoate in bark oil and 4‐terpinene‐1‐ol in root‐bark oil are reported fo

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251004

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe major tamarillo (Cyphomandra betaceae) anthocyanin pigments were isolated and identified as pelargonidin‐3‐rutinoside, pelargonidin‐3‐glucoside, cyanidin‐3‐rutinoside, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, delphinidin‐3‐rutinoside and delphinidin‐3‐glucoside. The intense purple‐coloured jelly surrounding the seeds contained the greatest concentration of anthocyanins, delphinidin‐3‐rutinoside being the major pigment. Flavones, flavonols and leucoanthocyanins were also present in this material. The yellow‐coloured flesh contained flavones and low concentration of anthocyanins. The major anthocyanin of the skins is cyanidin‐3‐rutinoside; flavones and leucoanthocyanins are also present. It is suggested that the presence of leucoanthocyanins in pigment extracts induced degradation of anthocyanin

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251005

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe proximate composition of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and iron levels of the peels and trunk from banana and plantain plants and cocoa husk are reported. The samples were all characterised by high moisture content ranging from 78 g/100 g ripe plantain peel to 94 g/100 g for fresh plantain trunk. The peels and trunk of plantain and banana plants were poor sources of phosphorus and sodium but rich in iron and potassium. Plantain trunk contained 5 g of potassium per 100 g of dry sample. Because of their high potassium content the peels of banana fruit and the trunk of banana and plantain plants are recommended as additional raw materials for indigenous soap making in Ghana.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251006

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTubers of the yam,Dioscorea alataL., were stored for 18 weeks at 10, 15, 20 and 25 ºC with isopropylN‐(3‐chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC or chlorpropham) at rates of 0, 0.45 and 0.90 g/kg. At 10 and 15 ºC sprouting was suppressed even in the absence of CIPC. The chemical did not suppress sprouting at 20 ºC, but at 25 ºC it prevented further sprouting of desprouted tubers. At 10 ºC the yams soon deteriorated as a result of chilling injury. The effects of storage at chilling temperatures on subsequent salt retention capacity of yam disks confirmed that membrane damage occurred. The findings suggest that CIPC does not significantly extend the storage life of yams. Cool storage alone is more e

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251007

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe stability of nine red food colours in pork luncheon meat products in the absence and presence of nitrite has been investigated. The extracted dyes were examined by visible and u.v. spectrophotometry and paper chromatography for changes due to processing and to the presence of nitrite. All the colours were destroyed to some extent but with nitrite more of the food colour survived. Subsidiary dye components and colourless fluorescent products were formed as a result of heat processing and in certain cases additional products were observed in the presence of nitrite.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251008

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of oxygen supply on the gases produced by decomposing slurry was measured in a series of laboratory experiments. Treatments included passing gas mixtures ranging from oxygen‐free nitrogen to air through slurry for 14 days, passing air over the surface of slurry for 14 days followed by air through the slurry for one day, and combination treatments in which air was passed through slurry for 14 days before or after 14 days treatment with nitrogen. Results showed that when slurry, which had been previously sorted anaerobically, was supplied with substrates readily decomposed by oxygen (including volatile fatty acids) were rapidly oxidised. Subsequent decomposition proceeded more slowly. Oxygen‐free conditions and readily decomposable substrates are required to develop the intense reducing conditions necessary for the production of methane and hydrogen sulphide. Such conditions were prevented if treatment with air preceded treatment with oxygen‐free nitrogen. Ethylene was produced in only trace amounts by decomposing slurry. Surface aeration prevented the loss of hydrogen sulphide from the slurry until agitation began. The greatest loss of nitrogen, as ammonia and nitrous oxide, occurred when an anaerobic treatment followed an aerobic trea

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251009

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntensive livestock production and labour‐saving methods of husbandry require the storage and subsequent disposal of large volumes of slurry on land. The effect of pig slurry, applied to a soil surface, on the composition of the soil atmosphere was investigated using laboratory soil columns. When the effect of slurry was compared with equivalent amounts of glucose, results showed that while both energy sources increased microbial activity, slurry also sealed soil pores, slowing gaseous diffusion rates and delaying the return of the composition of the soil atmosphere to that approaching air. Repeated slurry applications completely sealed the soil surface and oxygen in the soil atmosphere was rapidly depleted. Ethylene, capable of harmfully affecting root‐growth, was produced in the anaerobic soil. The fine solids fraction (less than 250 μm particle diameter) of slurry was most effective at blocking soil pores to gaseous diffu

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251010

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMyofibrillar proteins from bovine muscle have been treated with a Ca2+activated muscle proteinase and the consequent changes in these proteins have been examined by various techniques. Tropomyosin, α‐actinin and troponin were substrates for the enzyme, the last losing its property of inhibiting actomyosin ATPase in the absence of Ca2+ions. Actin and actomyosin were apparently not digested but the Mg2+‐activated ATPase activity of actomyosin was less after treatment whereas the Ca2+‐activated ATPase was unaffected. It is suggested that the observed destruction of the Z‐bands of the myofibrils by this proteinase is due to its digestion of the α‐actinin, rather than the acti

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740251011

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY