摘要:

AbstractWashed gravel, used as backfill, can be replaced by ordinary soil when treated with soil conditioners such as bitumen‐emulsion or a solution of either polyurethane or polyacrylamide. Laboratory tests show that when the backfill is treated with these solutions, it can be put on the drains immediately. When bitumen‐emulsion is used the backfill should be dried first. Further, it is shown that conditioned light soil used as backfill significantly decreases the silting‐up of the drains while conditioning heavy soils can increase their permeability by a factor of ten t

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290502

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe amounts of soil P extracted by the methods of Olsen P, Bray‐P1, Williams and Stewart, Morgan, Aslyng, anion exchange resin, Saunder, Dyer, and North Carolina were significantly interrelated. P fractionation studies indicated that a relatively high proportion of the inorganic P was accounted for by iron‐bound and reductant‐soluble P fractions. The most important variable contributing to the total variation in the regressions of equilibrium phosphate potential and Morgan‐P values was the saloid‐bound P fraction. Al‐P was the major source of variation in Dyer‐P, North Carolina P, Olsen‐P, Bray‐P1, resin extractable P, and acetic acid soluble P values. The extraction of Al‐P by the chemical soil tests was in the decreasing order of Dyer‐P>North Carolina P>0.1M‐NaOH‐extractable P>0.5m‐CH3COOH>Olsen‐P>Bray‐P1anion exchange resin. Fe‐P was the second most important variable contributing to the total variation in 0.1M‐NaOH extractable P, Olsen‐P, North Carolina P, resin extractable P and Dyer‐P values. Practical impl

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290503

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple and inexpensive procedure is described for the treatment of copper sulphate supplemented diets for growing pigs, to ensure uniform distribution of the copper in the sample. Water was added to form a slurry and the copper sulphate crystals dissolved. The slurry was mixed and dried to yield a product with uniform distribution of copper. Maximum recovery of copper was achieved by the use of magnesium nitrate as an ashing aid prior to analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290504

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMethods have been developed for extracting and comparing the hordein fractions of barley seed as a means of identifying different varieties. A rapid method involving a single extraction with 55% (v/v) propan‐2‐ol+2% (v/v) 2‐mercaptoethanol at 60°C removed slightly less nitrogen from milled grain than a more detailed procedure in which three sequential extractions were made with the same solvent. The hordein fractions extracted by these two procedures were alkylated and their component poly‐peptides separated by four one‐dimensional and two two‐dimensional systems. The results showed that the hordein extracted by both techniques had the same polypeptide composition and thus the rapid method was satisfactory for use in comparing varieties. Sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing were used to compare the polypeptide composition of the hordein fractions from 29 varieties. Using the former system a total of 11 different patterns were recognised while further small differences between several varieties were revealed by isoelectric focusing or two‐dimensional analysis. If the polypeptide patterns obtained by these techniques are considered in conjunction with other grain characters it should be possible to identify almost all of

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290505

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhosphatidylcholine was the principal phospholipid component in the intestinal lymph of sheep and was accompanied by small amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. Stereo‐specific analysis of the triacylglycerols confirmed that palmitic acid was concentrated in positionsn‐2 and showed that there was a higher proportion of the remaining saturated fatty acids in positionsn‐1 than in positionsn‐3. In the phosphatidylcholine, saturated fatty acids were concentrated in positionsn‐1 and unsaturated in positionsn‐2, contrary to an ear

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290506

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe conditions for the coupling reaction between 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) and the free ϵ‐amino group of lysine, and the conditions for the hydrolysis of the resulting trinitrophenylated compound, were investigated using cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata), maize (Zea mays) and DL‐lysine. The use of DL‐lysine as a standard in place of ϵ‐TNP‐lysine HCl.H2O, was also investigated. The optimum temperature, reaction time and hydrolysis time were found to be 30°C, 2 h and 2 h respectively for cowpeas and maize. The results obtained from reacting DL‐lysine with TNBS showed that using DL‐lysine as a reference standard is likely to overestimate TN

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290507

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo experiments have been conducted to examine the effects on chick growth and carcass composition of amino acid additions to diets containing spray‐dried or flash‐dried forms of methanol‐grown microbial cells (S‐DMC and F‐DMC respectively). The spray‐dried form was an early development product. An additional factor was the level of total nitrogen (N) in control diets containing soyabean (SBM) and in experimental diets containing 100 g S‐DMC or 150 g F‐DMC kg−1diet. In the first experiment, a diet containing S‐DMC supported less growth than the control SBM diet containing equivalent concentrations of total N (39 g kg−1DM) and of the sulphur containing amino acids. Supplementation of S‐DMC diets containing 36 and 32 g N kg−1DM with methionine had no substantial effect on growth or on carcass composition. In the second experiment, methionine supplemented SBM and F‐DMC diets containing 43 g N kg−1DM elicited similar growth performance and efficiency of food conversion. However, the feeding of basal SBM and F‐DMC diets containing sub‐optimal concentrations of total N (35 and 36 g N kg−1DM respectively) resulted in inferior utilisation of the F‐DMC diet, this effect being only partially alleviated by combined dietary supplemen

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290508

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe protein quality of mash beans (Phaseolus mungo) as affected by soaking, germination and cooking was determined at the 10% dietary protein level using weanling rats. Gains in body weight were 11.5 g for raw beans, 68.5 g for soaked‐cooked and 33.0 g for germinated‐cooked beans. The protein efficiency ratio values were 0.4, 1.9 and 1.1 for raw beans, soaked‐cooked and germinated‐cooked beans respectively. Net protein utilisation was improved from 44% for raw beans to 58% after soaking and cooking, but reduced to 47% after germinating and cooking. These changes were entirely accounted for by changes in digestibility, 72, 90 and 81% respectively, and biological values were unchanged at 61, 64 and 59 respe

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290509

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractJonathan and Delicious apples were sprayed with the growth regulator Ethephon at concentrations of 250 and 500 parts 10−6. Fruits from each spray treatment were harvested sequentially in three stages, approximately 1, 2 and 3 weeks after treatment; then submitted to panels for sensory evaluation. Ethephon significantly enhanced hedonic scores for skin colour, flavour and general acceptability of Jonathan apples regardless of the harvest time, but had no significant effect on texture. The skin colour of Delicious apples was significantly improved by Ethephon application (regardless of harvest time) but there was no significant effect on flavour or general acceptability and texture was significantly impaire

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290510

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCiders contain a series of procyanidins up to at least a seven‐fold degree of polymerisation, and a procyanidin tetramer based on epicatechin has been isolated by counter‐current distribution between ethyl acetate and water. Due to the shortcomings of modern methylation and mass spectrometry procedures molecular weights were determined by elevation of boiling point. Other techniques include a complex formation with dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, and silica (h.p.t.l.c.) in toluene‐acetone‐formic acid m

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740290511

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY