摘要:

AbstractThe variability in behaviour of different varieties of the same vegetable species when subjected to the canning process is discussed. While practical canning trials afford valuable results in ensuring that varieties grown locally are suitable for the industry, chemical examination can give results more quickly and helps to define optimum maturity which can thus be standardised throughout a series of tests. Examples of direct relationship between the quality attributes of colour, flavour, and texture, and chemical composition have been chosen from among British fruits, peas, beans, celery and tomatoes.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen γ‐BHC was added, as a water‐dispersible powder concentrate, to a suitable whitewash mixture and sprayed on warehouse walls to give an average deposit of about 40 mg. of γ‐BHC per sq. ft., the sprayed surfaces were found to remain effective against adults of Ephestia elutella (Hbn.) for much longer periods than when an aqueous spray containing the dispersible powder alone was used. This was shown to be due to the much more rapid loss of insecticide by volatilisation from the deposits of dispersible powder. It is suggested that a single spraying of the walls of a warehouse with a mixture of BHC and whitewash at, or about, the beginning of the season of moth emergence is a useful supplement to other methods of controlling Ephestia in war

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of methyl bromide in barges during the fumigation of dried fruit has been examined. By altering the stowage of the cases of fruit, a more even distribution of the fumigant has been obtained, while the rate of loss of methyl bromide from the barges has been substantially reduced by sealing off hatch covers and other openings in the deck.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMethods of establishing gas concentrations for sorption measurements in the study of the behaviour of fumigants are discussed with particular reference to tests over short periods and at reduced pressures. A method of introducing accurately determined amounts of gas into a number of flasks containing sorbent is described and results of series of dosages are given. The method may be of general application where closely related series of gas concentrations are required, e.g. in small‐scale tests of the toxicity of fumigants to insects or mite

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn assessing the effectiveness of reduced pressure fumigation compared with fumigation at atmospheric pressure a knowledge of the effect of reduced pressures on the sorption equilibrium between fumigant and commodity is necessary.Experiments are described in which sorption isotherms for wheat feed/hydrogen cyanide and wheat feed/methyl bromide were determined at atmospheric and at 5 cm. Hg pressure and rates of sorption are deduced.In small‐scale chamber fumigations of whole wheat with methyl bromide at atmospheric pressure and at 5 cm. Hg, amounts of gas sorbed and bromide residues were determined. The results of the experiments are discussed with reference to effects in full‐scale fumigati

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSoils from two sites, one high and one low in available phosphorus, were used in a greenhouse pot experiment with different rates of application of32P‐labelled superphosphate in combination with various dressings of ammonium sulphate. The crop was sampled at three stages of growth.The pattern of uptake was different in the two soils. In the low‐phosphate soil the percentage of fertiliser‐derived phosphorus in the plant fell steadily as the season progressed, but in the high‐phosphate soil there was apparently a renewed demand for phosphorus by the plant at the time of grain formation. This demand was met by fertiliser‐phosphorus. There was no indication that the extra uptake during this period enhanced grain formation. Grain yield was, in fact, reduced by the application of 160 Ib. of P2O5, per acre as superphosphate.The uptake of soil‐phosphorus was depressed so much by applications of superphosphate that the total uptake in treated pots from both soils was less than that in the control

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField experiments were carried out using different amounts of32P‐labelled superphosphate in combination with two rates of application of ammonium sulphate on soils high and low in “available” phosphate. The crop was sampled at three stages of growth and analysed for dry matter and for total and fertiliser‐phosphorus.The rate of application of nitrogen had little effect on phosphorus uptake or crop growth but the uptake of soil‐phosphorus from both soils was depressed by added fertiliser‐phosphorus, the depression being very marked on the high‐phosphate soil. Higher uptakes of fertiliser‐phosphorus were not effective in increasing the final yield of tubers and the yield of dry matter was depressed on the high‐phosphate soil by the application of 1.0 and 2.0 cwt. of P2O5per acre (as superphosphate) compared with application of 0.25 and 0.5 cwt. The optimum yields were reached with 0.25 and 1.0 cwt. of P2O5per acre on the high‐ and low‐phosphate soils respectively.Onset of tuber development was earlier on the low‐phosphate soil. Lower rates of application of phosphorus hastened the start of tuber development and the time of maturing of the plant, giving an earlier crop, but higher rates delayed both early tuber development and the attainment of the final yield. Such effects at levels of superphosphate normally applied to the potato crop in Scotland may lead to serious reductions in yield—particu

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVariations in the pigment concentration of fresh pork, in different muscles or in the same muscle, lead to variations in the colour of the cooked cured pork. Two‐fold variations were found for different muscles, these being due almost wholly to myoglobin, and not to haemoglobin.The relationships between pH, cysteine, cystine, total pigments, nitroso pigments, and stability of colour have also been investigated, pH appearing to have opposite effects in the fresh pork and the cooked cured por

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe presence of aesculin and a scopoletin glycoside has been demonstrated in extracts of potato tubers, and quercetin, caffeic acid, aesculetin and scopoletin in hydrolysed extracts. A spectrophotometric method for the estimation of phenolase activity is described and using this and conventional manometric techniques the activity of a potato phenolase preparation has been measured with a large number of phenolic compounds.

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA four‐stage counterflow hot‐air drying system with interstage reheating which has been developed for the dehydration of vegetables in strip or shred form is compared with a less complex system of fewer stages for drying strips of scalded carrot or potato. Satisfactory drying is possible in some cases in 6–7 hours even in a single‐stage system, though not necessarily with good thermal efficiency. The possibility of bacterial hazards associated with low initial drying temperatures is di

ISSN:0022-5142    

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.2740100210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY