ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<83::AID-JCOP2290110202>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA “QOL‐Contribution” model for resource allocation decisions is proposed that integrates concepts and values from community psychology, need assessment, and quality of life (QOL) studies. QOL is taken as the criterion for establishing the goodness‐of‐fit between a population and its envronment. It is assumed that the characteristics of a given human group interact with the resources and the stressors of its environment, with its level of QOL as the result. The utility and the implications of the model for resource decisions are demonstrated with data from a statewide need assessment. In this application, different life domains, and different program targets within life domains, are prioritized according to their relative contributions to QOL. The findings for mental health and employment illustrate the specificity of the model's application. The model is then restated as the general task, and a unifying theme, for community p

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<88::AID-JCOP2290110203>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHow do people arrive at assessments of their own life quality? This investigation begins from the hypothesis that social indicators of perceived well‐being will, like other attitudes, reflect tow basic types of influence: affect and cognition. In addition, the indicators were expected to include two other components: unique variance (mainly random measurement error) and correlated measurement error. The extent to which each of these variance components was reflected in assessments of life‐as‐a‐whole from recent national quality of life surveys was estimated by a confirmatory factor analysis model. In addition, a series of models was developed to provide an interpretation of the way the factors of cognition and affect operate along with evaluations of specific life concerns (domains) in the perception of well‐being. In the preferred model, it was found that the domain evaluations had no direct impact on life‐as‐a‐whole assessments‐the contribution of the domains was indirect by way of their associations with cog

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<98::AID-JCOP2290110204>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of satisfaction ratings of four domains of life (job, neighborhood, family, and experiences with government agencies, N = 417), provides evidence that objective factors are unrelated to ratings of satisfaction ratings. In addition, this study shows the usefulness of a third category of determinants, cognitive factors without an immediate external referent, called internal referents. Three internal referents studied in laboratory settings (level of expectation, aspiration level, and perceived control) were significant, situation‐specific predictors of satisfaction ratings in a representative sample survey. Implications for applied and basic research are discusse

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<111::AID-JCOP2290110205>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reviews research on how a two‐factor model explains relationships between life events and perceptions of life quality. Positive life events were found to have different effects than negative life events. People rated their distress higher after experiencing negative events, but they did not always rate the quality of their daily lives lower. Positive events increased ratings of positive affect but were usually unrelated to psychological distress. While these data fit a two‐factor model of psychological well‐being best, such a model left some important exceptions to that model unexplained. To address such issues, the review focused on those occasions when the effects of events crossed affective domains. This fuller assessment promises to provide an integrative approach to understanding some of the affective and congnitive processes linking life events to quality of

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<121::AID-JCOP2290110206>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe growth of research on social support has led to a comparable proliferation in the ways it is conceptualized and operationalized. The overall purpose of the present paper was to bring some clarity to this concept by critically examining how it has been presented in the literature and by proposing both rationally and empirically derived typologies for organizing social support functions. From a review of prominent discussions of support functions, a rational typology was proposed that included six categories: Material Aid, Behavioral Assistance, Intimate Interaction, Feedback, and Positive Social Interaction. To empirically examine the structure of social support, a factor analysis was conducted on items from a scale of socially supportive behaviors. The four factors that subsequently emerged were labeled Directive Guidance, Non‐directive Support, Positive Social Interaction, and Tangible Assistance. Application of these findings to the assessment of support and future research on support/well‐being relationships were discus

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<133::AID-JCOP2290110207>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents an overview of the concept of behavior settings and the theory and research methodology associated with it. Studies of communities and institutions interms of behavior settings are reviewed as illustrations of the usefulness of the behavior setting concept in measuring aspects of the quality of life in communities.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<144::AID-JCOP2290110208>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper describes the development of scales to assess the perceived social‐environmental quality of work and family settings. The use of these scales in comparing and contrasting work and family settings and in examining their role as contexts for adaptation and growth is illustrated. Some tentative conclusions about social‐environmental influences on individual and family adaption are drawn and practical applications for planning ecologically oriented interventions are discus

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<158::AID-JCOP2290110209>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines several objective and subjective environmental indicators as they relate to how people spend their time. Contrary to the greater attention and confidence afforded objective indicators by policy makers and analysts, subjective environmental indicators emerge as far more predictive of what people do in their everyday lives than objective indicators of the environment in which they live. These objective indicators include not only community size and type (i.e., urban versus suburban), but region of the country, season of the year and general climatic conditions. The results are interpreted as supporting other recent research that has found a solid and basic (if not inevitable) correspondence between attitudes and behavior. The correspondence between the enjoyment people say they derive from activities and the time they spend on those activities persists after controls for other demographic predictors of time; as expected, the relation tends to be stronger for free time activities than for more obligatory activities. Some of the limitations of these conclusions and some needed directions for future research are also discussed.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<171::AID-JCOP2290110210>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198304)11:2<182::AID-JCOP2290110211>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY