摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the feasibility of using surname‐based telephone survey methodology in Asian‐American (AA) communities by highlighting some practical issues, caveats, and research directions in implementing telephone surveys in AA communities. These issues were: (a) identifying and sampling AA respondents; (b) obtaining respondent cooperation; (c) designing bilingual interview protocols; (d) dealing with possible biases due to interviewer gender, language, and topical sensitivity; and (e) cost of phone survey. In a recent statewide telephone survey involving Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Pilipino, and Vietnamese residents in California (n= 1,764), we found low‐to moderate‐level response rates with varying levels of refusal rates in telephone interviewing on substance abuse and health‐related issues. The results suggested that despite general reluctance to use telephone survey methodology in AA communities, personal information may be reliably collected by telephone to the extent that phone‐number lists contained Asian surnames that were clearly unique to a particular AA group. Certain aspects of telephone surveying must be exploited for unraveling important social and mental health issues in a timely and cost‐eff

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<283::AID-JCOP2290220402>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative analysis of the prevalence of stressful life events and of the relationships between stressful life events and alcohol, illicit drug, and cigarette use among a multi‐ethnic community sample (N= 2,446) of early adolescent boys. The data were derived from a longitudinal study of substance use behaviors and their psychosocial correlates among Hispanic, African‐American, and White non‐Hispanic adolescent boys residing in Dade County, Florida. Similar levels of event exposure were found among the subgroups, with one exception. African Americans were significantly more likely to experience a death‐related event in the past year. Stressful life events were not significantly related with substance use among African‐American students. Among Hispanics and White non‐Hispanics, however, a number of significant positive relationships were found. A number of bidirectional events (i.e., those events that could be either an antecedent to and/or the result of substance use) were significantly related with stressful events, highlighting the importance of longitudinal research in delineating the temporal ordering of events and outcomes. The authors conclude that future stress research with adolescents should pay particular attention to the important moderating influences of culture and ethnicity as well as to the bidirectional nature of life events and su

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<296::AID-JCOP2290220403>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFew studies of mutual help have been guided by coherent conceptual frameworks. We introduce a stress and coping model that can guide research on self‐help groups and contribute to conceptualizing them as normative social groupings. Our model suggests that coping responses, life stressors, and social resources influence the processes by which persons become involved in mutual help organizations and, in turn, are influenced by involvement in mutual help. To provide initial empirical support for the model, we present a longitudinal study of stress and coping and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) affiliation among 439 problem drinkers. Problem drinkers who relied more on avoidant coping responses, had fewer work and partner resources, and had more partner stressors became more intensely involved in AA. The results also suggest that AA involvement affects members' coping responses and increases their friendship resource

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<312::AID-JCOP2290220404>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship of traumatic events to posttraumatic symptomatology was examined in a randomized community survey (N= 2,364) of Los Angeles residents. Exposure to traumatic events was associated with younger age, less education, recent life events, and a history of psychiatric disorder. Risk of increased posttraumatic stress symptoms following traumatic event exposure was associated with older age, recent life events, sexual assault, and household strain. Level of posttraumatic stress symptoms varied according to the type of traumatic event reported after adjusting for demographic factors.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<328::AID-JCOP2290220405>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the mental health problems of a selected case sample of homeless mentally ill (HMI) men and women in Colorado. The HMI sample was selected to compare those HMI who utilize mental health services (N= 46) with those who do not (N= 50) with respect to psychopathology and to characteristics related to being “difficult to treat.” Findings show that although the HMI current users are slightly more dysfunctional than the non‐users, the rates of serious disorders are high among both HMI groups. HMI current users of mental health services, particularly voluntary users, were found to have fewer “difficult to treat” characteristics than the

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<339::AID-JCOP2290220406>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo studies explored adolescents' neighborhood and school psychological sense of community. Multiple regression analyses of subscale scores from two social support measures showed that psychological sense of community was related to different aspects of social support depending on the community setting; the number of supportive persons identified was most significantly related to neighborhood sense of community, and the amount of tangible assistance received was most significantly related to school sense of community. Multiple regression results indicated that school sense of community accounted for the highest proportion of variance on the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, followed by satisfaction with social support, and nondirective support received. The data suggest that sense of community is a significant aspect of adolescents' environments, as demonstrated by its relationship to loneliness. Further investigation of the components of adolescent sense of community and their relevance to adolescent development is warranted.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<346::AID-JCOP2290220407>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSuccess in the recent shift in focus of alcohol and other drug (AOD) prevention programs to comprehensive community models requires widespread citizen participation. Few studies, however, have examined the factors that affect individual participation in the area of AOD prevention. Building upon the citizen participation literature from a variety of non‐AOD substantive areas, this study hypothesizes and examines a path model composed of three constructs that may affect participation: participation accessibility, desire to participate, and knowledge about participation. Data for the study were gathered in a stratified random telephone sample of 1,019 adult citizens of Delaware County, Pennsylvania. This instrument was composed of 26 closed‐ended questions about substance use and abuse within the residents' communities, as well as individual participation in seven county‐sponsored prevention programs. Data were analyzed using path coefficients and analysis of variance. The resulting analysis demonstrated support for the model and the hypothesized relationships among the constructs. From these results, recommendations for increasing citizen participation are pro

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<359::AID-JCOP2290220408>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199410)22:4<::AID-JCOP2290220401>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY