摘要:

AbstractValue issues are inseparable from any scientific pursuit and they become particularly influential in the applied scientific areas of community and behavioral community psychology. The explication of value positions is one way of dealing positively with the ubiquity of value issues. The role of values in community mental health, community psychology, and behavioral community psychology are contrasted. Implicit value positions are entrenched in the terminology of community psychology and community mental health theory while theory in behavioral community psychology, because of its functional rather than structural orientation, does not contain the same level of value positions. Traditionally, value positions have been concerned with the quality of life, i.e., what makes up the “good life.” However, the worldwide crises of starvation, nuclear armament, and pollution necessitates an orientation to a more fundamental type of value, i.e., survival of the species or the opportunity for life. Through the explication of quality‐of‐life values, the public and psychologists designing community helping programs can evaluate the compatibility of quality‐of‐life and opportunity‐fo

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<199::AID-JCOP2290120302>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<206::AID-JCOP2290120303>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFollowing a brief clarification of the value assumptions of community mental health and community psychology, the error of assuming that behaviorism is less value based than other theories of man or strategies for doing science is demonstrated. First epistemological and then historical‐sociological arguments are presented to show that the contribution of behavioral community psychology to the explication of values is more a function of its association with community psychology and of its relatively recent emergence as a competitor for ascendence in applied psychology than of its idiosyncratic structural characteristics. Finally, an alternative to the view that survival values should be of prime importance to community psychology is offere

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<208::AID-JCOP2290120304>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper is a response to the Rappaport (1984) and Attneave (1984) commentaries on the O'Donohue, Hanley, and Krasner (1984) article on the value contexts of the community psychologies. We have focused on similarities and differences between our positions and those of Rappaport and Attneave. We are all in agreement that behavioral community psychology is not value free, a point which is emphasized in our earlier paper. One of our goals was to foster the discussion of value explication and its implications for the community psychologies. The Rappaport and Attneave commentaries, in effect, have accomplished this in an excellent and exciting manner.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<217::AID-JCOP2290120305>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined two contrasting views of divorce and its effect on the adjustment of children. The physical wholeness position maintains that divorce itself is the salient variable that adversely affects children via the physical dissolution of the family; while the psychological wholeness position maintains that conflict is the critical variable which influences adjustment and does so regardless of parental marital status. Results of analyses on a sample of black working lower class adolescents failed to support the physical wholeness position; adolescents' age at the time of parental divorce, gender, and parental marital status were not significantly related to perception of family climate, psychological adjustment, grade point average, or peer relationships. However, results did provide strong support for the psychological wholeness position since adolescents' perception of family climate, psychological adjustment, and peer relationships were all significantly related to level of perceived conflict in the family. Conceptualizing divorce as a crisis situation rather than as a uniformly and universally negative event appears more reasonable since adolescents in our sample adapted to, and coped with, divorce. Use of conflict identification and resolution interventions to reduce family conflict may prevent future problems in child development.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<222::AID-JCOP2290120306>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a study of the personal support networks of a selected group of formerly hospitalized psychiatric patients now residing in board‐and‐care facilities in Galt, California. Its purpose was to assess the particular forms of support available to such persons and to suggest ways in which shortcomings in needed supportive interaction might be remedied. The article first reviews the circumstances of board‐and‐care placement. It then examines the concept of support systems and their relevance to the health and well‐being of individuals. Following this, the findings of a study of 39 psy‐chiatrically disabled persons residing in board‐and‐care homes in one rural California community are reported. Several recommendations are offered which illustrate two ways in which agency and community services might affect the support available to board‐a

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<230::AID-JCOP2290120307>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe lack of relationship between psychological or social stressors and various health indices is common. This paper presents stress and health data collected from nurses at 10 different hospitals and from food processors at eight different sites. Correlations computed in samples constructed so that the number of people affected by a particular illness is approximately equal to those not so affected were consistently higher than similar correlations computed for the entire sample of 1,934 respondents. Because correlations are affected by the base rate of the phenomenon one is studying, it is suggested that other indices such as simple percentages in affected and unaffected groups are more appropriate.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<245::AID-JCOP2290120308>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines the experience of families who contacted a child and family community mental health treatment center, but then did not follow through to receive even one session of diagnosis or treatment at the agency. The paper reports the base rate for this behavior in a large (N= 2,358) sample of cases who either only made inquiry or who received treatment at the agency. The inquiry group, or “teasers,” tended to have children who were older than client groups, to have relatively more behavioral and fewer personality problems, to have demonstrated problems earlier than client groups, and to have parents who were slightly older. A follow‐up study was conducted with 100 inquiry and 100 client cases. The relative efficacy of telephone and written questionnaire methodologies are compared, demonstrating that the telephone approach was more effective. Client‐group children were reported to be only moderately better off at the time of follow‐up than the inquiry group, but conclusions about the effects of treatment are limited by the finding that many members of the inquiry group had sought treatment elsewhere after their brief contact with the agency. Implications of this study for community mental health administration and for future research in this area are

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<253::AID-JCOP2290120309>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study sought to examine the effects of a standard role induction (role preparation) procedure on immigrant patients having their first therapy experience. Thirty immigrant clients who met selection criteria and were seeking treatment at a community mental health center in Hawaii were assigned to either role induction (therapy preparation intervention) or a placebo intervention prior to receiving therapy offered by 10 professional therapists. The effects of the role‐induction or placebo manipulation were assessed by a measure of expectancy, satisfaction ratings, and data on premature termination and attendance. Results indicated that the patients who received the role preparation procedure as well as placebo patients had changed their expectations in appropriate ways by the end of therapy. The role‐prepared patients, however, became less dependent on their therapist for support, advice, and direction. In addition, the role‐prepared patients were more satisfied with therapy, rated themselves as more changed, and dropped out of treatment at significantly lower rates. The implications of the results for service delivery to immigrant patients were exa

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<263::AID-JCOP2290120310>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the relationships between dimensions of classroom and family environments and various aspects of the adaptation of grade 7 and 8 students. Classroom climates providing support and structure were consistently associated with high levels of student scholastic self‐concept and satisfaction with teacher. Families with high degrees of parent‐child interaction and climates providing support and structure were generally associated with high levels of self‐concept (peer, scholastic, and general), satisfaction with family, and, to a lesser extent, achievement. There was some evidence that gains in self‐concept and achievement over the course of the school year were related to classroom or family environment variables. Students with the highest levels of scholastic self‐concept had both classroom and family environments high in support and structure. The results provided partial support for invitational learning theory, which postulates that environments which provide structure, along with support and nurturance, invite affective and intellectual growth in

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198407)12:3<276::AID-JCOP2290120311>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY