摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents the validation results of the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) as applied to a sample of Chinese mothers in Hong Kong. A cross‐sectional research survey was launched employing a purposive sample of 248 Hong Kong Chinese mothers. The PSI was found to have a reliability coefficient of .93. The concurrent validity of the instrument was established by correlations of the PSI with various measurements for stress. Moreover, results from discriminant analysis indicated that using PSI scores, “high‐stress” respondents could be discriminated from “low‐stress” respondents with 93% overall accuracy. Finally, results of the study replicated the major factorial structure of the original scale. The present study indicates that the PSI represents an appropriate tool for measuring parenting stress with Hong Kong Chinese mothers. Findings from the study will facilitate practitioners and administrators in early screening of parenting stress, individual diagnostic assessment, pre‐post measures of intervention effectiveness, and future research in p

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<211::AID-JCOP2290220302>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between coping strategies and anxiety and depression was investigated in 29 women patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, at a psychiatric AIDS clinic. The women were divided on the basis of risk factor, intravenous drug use (IVDU), and nonintravenous drug use (non‐IVDU), and coping strategies were compared. Based on a battery of psychological tests, the coping strategies of self‐blaming denial, wish‐fulfilling fantasy, emotional expression, and threat minimization were significantly related to greater anxiety and depression. There was no difference in coping strategies between the IVDUs and non‐IVDUs, and none of the coping strategies employed appeared to be associated with less anxiety or depression. This may have been due to the psychiatric AIDS clinic sample, possibly representing the more distressed group of HIV/AIDS patients, for whom coping strategies were over

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<224::AID-JCOP2290220303>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA battery of questionnaires consisting of biopsychosocial indices was administered prospectively to a sample of 734 pregnant women in their 12–27th weeks of gestation in prenatal clinics in the community. The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of preterm birth defined by either week of gestation, weight of infant at birth, or both. The findings suggest that the strongest medical predictor of preterm birth defined by week of gestation is risk factors in previous pregnancies, whereas the strongest and most consistent psychological predictor of preterm birth defined by either weight of infant at birth or both week of gestation and weight is the readiness of the pregnant woman to change her life‐style during pregnancy to safeguard the well‐being of the fetus. It is suggested that this scale is a reliable indirect measure of the desirability of pregnancy. Furthermore the profiles of highland low‐risk women to encounter preterm birth, as suggested by cluster analysis and implications for community psychology, are di

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<231::AID-JCOP2290220304>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProject PRIMER (PRoducing Infant/Mother Ethnic Readers) used trained university students to tutor mothers and 1‐ to 3‐year‐old children in the home, teaching them concepts and preparing the children to read. One hundred forty‐three families were randomly assigned to high‐ (18 visits), low‐ (3 visits), or no‐intervention groups. Mothers' behaviors were assessed pre‐ and postintervention. After the intervention, mothers in the high‐ and low‐intervention groups were more likely to increase several behaviors thought to increase reading readiness and concept learning in children. Other positive behaviors increased from pre‐ to postassessment in all groups, suggesting either that any involvement in a literacy project is helpful, or that mothers were responding to developmental chan

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<248::AID-JCOP2290220305>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolitical efficacy is a term used to represent an individual's perceived ability to participate in and influence the political system. It has been suggested that political efficacy is composed of two distinct components: internal and external political efficacy (Balch, 1974; McPherson, Miller, Welch,&Clark, 1977). The purpose of this article is to work toward an even broader and more precise conceptualization of political efficacy and its relationship to mobilization of people. Collective political efficacy is proposed as a third component in the political efficacy construct. Research findings presented in the article offer some exploratory information concerning the relationships of this new component with the other political efficacy components. The findings are from a research project that involved the creation of a Homeless Persons Union. In addition to examining relationships among the political efficacy components, findings revealing effects of the intervention are briefly described in order to examine further the role of political efficacy in relation to mobilization of people.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<259::AID-JCOP2290220306>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMultiple regression analysis was used to predict both the length of time since first homeless and the length of the current episode of homelessness. Predictor variables measuring lack of human capital were education and income. Social alienation predictors included prior homelessness, marital status, and childhood placement. Psychiatric predictors included prior hospitalization and level of functioning. Age, race, gender, and military veteran status were also included in the analyses. The hypothesized causes of homelessness (lack of human capital, social alienation, and psychiatric pathology) explained only a small proportion of the variance of both dependent variables. Age was the most powerful predictor.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<272::AID-JCOP2290220307>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199407)22:3<::AID-JCOP2290220301>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY