摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports differences in the prevalence of various behaviors of children and parents in two large but markedly different socioeconomic samples from the same urban area. For child behavior differences between samples, the relationships of parental variables to those behaviors were examined using multiple regression techniques. Various parental dimensions (particularly coldness and excitability) showed strong and comparable relationships to child behavior in the two different samples. While parental coldness was central to delinquency in both samples, it was particularly important in the Welfare sample. The excitable‐rejecting quality of the mother was critically associated with children's anxiety and family conflict, which were more common behaviors for the cross‐sectional children. Other child and parental behaviors are also discus

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<311::AID-JCOP2290030402>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe adherence of a community mental health center staff to community mental health ideology was measured by the Baker‐Schulberg CMHI Scale. The results were essentially the same as those of the previously published studies, indicating that the CMHI Scale stably measures differences between professional groups, and is useful for research purposes. CMHI Scale scores were found to be significantly related to the socioeconomic backgrounds of the families of origin of therapists as well as to their professional affiliatio

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<341::AID-JCOP2290030403>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious work suggests two mechanisms whereby finding enjoyment in life decreases the likelihood of depressive affect: (a) enjoyment counteracts depressive affect and (b) failure to find enjoyment is itself a stimulus for depressive affect. The present study, based on interviews with 2168 adults in two communities, yields findings which are consistent with the proposition that satisfaction with major life areas is a factor in finding enjoyment in life, thereby a factor in avoiding depressive affect and thereby a factor in avoiding psycho‐physiologic problems. Thus the present study provides a measure of support for the proposition that finding enjoyment in life reduces the likelihood of depressive affect and for the corollary of this proposition, that social, psychological, and other factors in the enjoyment of life are thereby also factors in depressive affect and its consequence

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<346::AID-JCOP2290030404>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe CTA was designed as a community‐oriented research tool to assess the levels of three variables within and between communities. Viability (self‐serving activities), Economic Exchange, and Cohesiveness (community‐linking activities) measures were obtained from rural and urban communities in Alaska. Data collection was predominantly carried out by high school students from the communities surveyed, following a brief meeting on purpose, method, and practice with the CTA. Subjects translated their interpersonal transactions of the last 72 hours into the 18 CTA categories specified on individualized data collection sheets. Consistently different patterns of interaction were found for city dwellers and villagers; atypical patterns were obtained for Jaycees. Senior Citizens, the Chemically Dependent and Working versus nonworking women. Average values for V, E, and C for city dwellers were 3.5, 3.0, and 1.0, respectively. Villagers were higher in Viability than city dwellers, lower in Economic Exchange, and similar in Cohesiveness. In comparison, Senior Citizens dwelling in an urban area rate significantly lower than the general population on all three dimensions. This was attributed to the financial and physical limitations upon interaction among this population. Chemically Dependent individuals were found to rate significantly lower than the general population on the Viability dimension, indicating that drug dependency militates against having many and varied interests. Conversely, a group involved in the business community and in community action, the Jaycees, showed predictably higher interaction scores in Economic Exchange and Cohesiveness than the general population. Nonworking women scored near average V and C scores, but rated lower on Cohesiveness, as opposed to working women who scored average on E and C, but significantly lower on V. These results indicate that nonworking women were less involved than the general population as a whole in community‐linking activities, whereas working women had few opportunities to engage in self‐serving activities. High school students who collected CTA data were found to be valuable and effective research assistants. The CTA data provides normative data with which to compare atypical groups; such information can be used to initiate behavi

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<358::AID-JCOP2290030405>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes processes useful in training nonprofessionals to do mental health education work in the community. The specific focus is on training parents from the community to instruct other parents in parent‐child communication courses. An intensive training course builds confidence and group cohesion through role modeling and practice teaching experience. Key principles in any such training program for nonprofessionals are respect for the feelings of trainees, acknowledgment of the relevance of their own life experiences to the work they are being trained for, and an emphasis on working in pairs to provide mutual support and feedbac

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<365::AID-JCOP2290030406>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model for the delivery of mental health services to people residing in small communities (less than 10,000 population) is presented. It is the product of personal consultation experience over the past three years with a modestly staffed and financed but very successful mental health agency. Emphasis is placed on community action, political and financial autonomy insofar as possible, economy, intelligent use of paraprofessionals. and the careful hiring of permanent and consultative staff. In essence, it is the creation of a general model based on the success of one specific agency which epitomizes the points previously emphasized.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<374::AID-JCOP2290030407>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses a program for recruiting and training volunteers for a community mental health center. Volunteers proved most helpful in the friendly visitor and socialization group roles. Intake duties were tried but not found suitable for volunteer time. Continuing supervision of volunteers through monthly group meetings contributed to the volunteers' self‐confidence, identification with the agency and the continuity and quality of patient service

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<380::AID-JCOP2290030408>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study was concerned with ecology of juvenile delinquency in metropolitan Sydney. Principal components analysis of ecological correlations of 25 demographic variables, sampled in 39 local government areas, showed two major factors; these accounted for 39% and 23% of the total variance, and for 51% and 32% of the variance of juvenile delinquency, respectively. Factor I was designated individual‐social‐economic alienation (broken marriages, psychiatric illness, alcoholism, drug abuse, infant mortality, immigrant minorities, unemployment, females in the work force, low house and car ownership, living in apartments). Factor II was designated low socio‐educational status (low education, crowding in dwellings, high birth rate, high proportion of children, mental retardation, perinatal mortality, females not working, living in houses, unemployment); areas identified with this factor were remote from the city proper and had many Housing Commission developments. The factorial identity of the 39 local government areas was established by factor scores to determine the type of social action best suited to each area. The clustering of factor scores on a scattergram indicated the natural ecological areas of the metropolis. It was postulated that in areas scoring high on Factor I social psychiatry could provide a suitable form of approach not only to the problem of delinquency but also to some of the other problems of individual and social pathology. For areas scoring high on Factor II, where delinquency seems to be a product of culture rather than expression of social pathology, it was postulated that the approach should be based on social controls, youth leadership, education, and the provision of suitable outlets for the frustrations of juveniles. Also other problems of the two types of area were discussed, and suitable forms of social action and services were sugg

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<384::AID-JCOP2290030409>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong institutionalized delinquent males, low scores on a questionnaire index of desire for release were related significantly to less stable family relationships (parent absent from home, parental abuse/rejection), more pessimistic evaluations of home by subjects, and a greater likelihood of previous institutionalization and of truancy/runaway offenses. The results suggest the importance of extrainstitutional variables for understanding the delinquent's degree of motivation for release, and provide some direction for further studies of „institutional dependency”︁ among delinq

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<396::AID-JCOP2290030410>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(197510)3:4<400::AID-JCOP2290030411>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY