摘要:

AbstractThis report addresses conceptual and practical problems in evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention which used a pyramid training model for improving helping skills for informal helpers in two rural communities. Against a background for a study of help‐giving and help‐seeking patterns, the transmission of helping skills from professional to community trainers to local helpers was studied. Impacts of the intervention on other aspects of the community are repor

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<199::AID-JCOP2290100302>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe social issue of conservation is conceptualized in terms of a commons dilemma. Both the recent experimental and theoretical literature are briefly reviewed. The author hypothesized that increasing group cohesiveness and exposing subjects to prior sharing would increase cooperative responding in a simulated commons problem. Undergraduate students (n= 60) in groups of three drew quarters from a regenerating resource pool. Groups which had previously shared a monetary reward were able to preserve the resource more effectively and earned more money than groups which had not shared a previous reward. The traditional cohesiveness manipulation was not successful. The results suggest that prior exposure to cooperative alternatives may enhance the cooperative response in later problem situations. The practical and theoretical implications for conservation strategies are mentioned.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<210::AID-JCOP2290100303>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper explores the extent of redundancy among the small area indicators of the 1970 Mental Health Demographic Profile System (MHDPS). Redundancy is equated with interindicator Pearson correlations equal to or greater than 0.80 for the census tracts within six metropolitan counties. The analysis was undertaken because the assertion had been made that the association among indicators was high, particularly within major social area dimensions, and consequently, a few indicators could be used to provide the information contained in the system. The analysis failed to support this thesis. The paper concludes by making a case for a judgmental selection of items and briefly reviewing the 1980 MHDPS.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<216::AID-JCOP2290100304>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRespite care services provided by foster parents to 68 children with severe handicaps between 1976 and 1979 were systematically studied to determine parent satisfaction. A variety of rest options were made available to the parents of handicapped children for purposes of revitalizing themselves to deal with their child's daily needs. The respite options included short periods of time varying from 2 to 15 consecutive days, i. e., taking a much needed vacation, a week‐edn or two a month off, a few days off during the week, or time away from the child due to an emergency. Consumer satisfaction was measured by survey questionnaires developed specifically for respite care and mailed to parents of handicapped children who had used the service. Results indicated that consumer opinion acquired via the follow‐up questionnaire method was extremely positive, A most important consideration was to collect data on scheduled intervals about children subsequently receiving care from the same program to determine whether ratings increased or decreased. By focusing on specific respite care activities over time, it was possible to align optimum versus actual satisfaction. Through an analysis of observer variance, the modification of documented weaknesses can decrease the difference between optimum and actual consumer satisfaction lev

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<222::AID-JCOP2290100305>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of the trainer's personal assertiveness on the outcome of an assertiveness training program for children was evaluated. Nine paraprofessional trainers were rated either high or low in assertiveness using behavioral, self‐report, and supervisors'ratings of assertiveness. A twelve‐week assertion training intervention program was conducted for 74 fourth and fifth grade children. Results indicated that training by highly assertive trainers significantly increased the child subject's trust and liking of the group and perceptions of his/her behavioral changes. The assertiveness of subjects trained by highly assertive trainers was significantly higher immediately following treatment and at one year. However, subjects trained by trainers judged less assertive showed significantly higher scores on the interpersonal problem‐solving test and the Group Decision Task immediately following treatment. The results are discussed in terms of advantages and disadvantages of directly modeling assertive behaviors and the importance of distinguishing the quality of alternatives generated on the interpersonal problem‐solving tasks involving assert

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<228::AID-JCOP2290100306>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs integral members of the mental health or human service team, receptionists and secretaries can do a great deal to facilitate the helping process. This paper evaluates a training program designed to increase the communication skills of receptionists and secretaries. Participants in the full‐day workshop gave the training experience high ratings, demonstrated significantly higher levels of communication skills than a comparison group, and reported using the skills in their actual work setting

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<237::AID-JCOP2290100307>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to examine a model of foster parent training in which specific therapeutic parenting skills (communication and conflict resolution) were taught to foster parents by other previously trained foster parents. A comparison was made of how well these skills were learned under this condition as compared to when instructors were mental health professionals. Pre‐to posttest measures revealed that foster parents who received training from either the professional or nonprofessional staff showed greater acquisition of these skills than did a comparison group of untrained foster parents, and that trained foster parents and professional staff did not differ substantially in their ability to transmit these skill

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<240::AID-JCOP2290100308>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study investigated the responses of 148 adult citizens of a city in the southeastern United States to specially prepared newspaper accounts of a child's death. Results indicated that when the child's death was suicidal parents were viewed in a more negative way than when the child's death was a result of illness. In addition, the presence of environmental pressures which reduced potentially negative perceptions of parents when the child's death was due to a disease, did not have a similar impact when the child's death was suicidal. The findings suggested that parents of the child suicide are likely to encounter attitudes which are relatively more negative in general. In addition, factors which may mitigate negative judgments of parents in other types of death may not operate when the death is a suicide.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<250::AID-JCOP2290100309>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDisaster victims typically do not request services from the mental health system. Victims must be contacted through innovative outreach programs linked to the disaster relief network. Advance planning for disaster programs by mental health centers is highly desirable, but barriers may be encountered related to (a) external support, (b) information on victim needs, (c) intervention methods, (d) linkage with disaster agencies, or (d) planning guidelines. Advice and information are offered on how to overcome each potential barrier. A model disaster plan is outlined that is consistent with NIMH guidelines for disaster preparedness planning, and with three criteria considered essential for an effective plan.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<255::AID-JCOP2290100310>3.0.CO;2-S

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrowing numbers of social scientists are questioning the products and methodologies of social science because these do not appear to serve as guides to solutions of community problems. The principal cause is fragmentation of disciplines, methodologies, and assumptions of values. What is needed is an integrating principle or reference which will provide a common basis by which apparently conflicting approaches can be evaluated. Presented herein is a topology for such a principle. The topology has two major dimensions, individual needs and community needs, each containing items designed to be specific enough to guide and evaluate testing, but general enough to allow for evolving situations. The axiom on which the topology is based assumes that human societies can only progress if they hold an articulated vision of what they strive to become. Such a vision must be phenomenologically based and must require us to stretch beyond where we are now.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198207)10:3<265::AID-JCOP2290100311>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY