摘要:

AbstractThis interview sample survey of adult residents of San Francisco's Chinatown was conducted in an effort to understand the phenomenon of underutilization of mental health services by Chinese Americans and the reasons underlying this phenomenon. Findings revealed that the use rate of mental health services was extremely low, with only 5% of respondents having sought mental health services, suggesting that this ethnic community has not yet seen the gains promised by the community mental health movement. At the same time, reported psychological disorders in the community were quite prevalent; a sizable number of respondents admitted to symptoms of emotional tension, depression, loneliness, and psychological‐physiological symptoms. Thus, need is high, but demand is small. Findings suggested that underutilization is not due to unwillingness to admit to symptoms nor to use of alternative cultural sources of help; rather, lack of knowledge of existing services seems to be a major contributor to low use rates. Other contributing factors include the belief among some respondents that mental disorders cannot be prevented, lack of awareness of how psychological problems can be treated, and a low priority attached to seeking professional help for depression. Compared to other low‐income Americans, Chinatown residents demonstrated more determination than resignation in handling personal problems. Moreover, approaches to handling problems were varied and often multiple in nature. The survey confirmed some existing notions about mental health among Asian Americans, while disconfirming other assumpti

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<283::AID-JCOP2290170402>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Residential Competency Scale, an 82‐item questionnaire, was developed as a molecular measure for assessing the community living skills of expsychiatric patients in residential care settings. Over the course of its development, normative data were collected on a sample of 251 residents from 24 residential facilities, and critical analyses were performed to examine such aspects as the scale's internal consistency, factorial structure, reliability (both interrater and test‐retest), concurrent validity, and discriminant validity. The results were quite favorable and indicate that the Residential Competency Scale is multidimensional, internally consistent, and reliable. In addition, the scale identifies instrumental and psychosocial aspects of community living skills and discriminates relapsers from nonrelaps

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<297::AID-JCOP2290170403>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study assessed the effects of the Survival Training for Parents (STP) program on parental attitudes and on the self‐esteem and manifest anxiety of preadolescent children. The STP program presents Adlerian parenting principles in six 21/2‐hour sessions to the parents of preadolescents, as an outreach service of a community mental health center. Participants were selected from volunteers from two school districts in northeastern Ohio. Parents in the experimental condition participated in the STP program while control group parents were wait‐listed. Eighteen parent‐child pairs completed pre and posttesting. Analyses of covariance using the pretest as covariate showed that STP was effective in changing parent attitudes of confidence (p<.01), causation (p<.01), and understanding (p<.05) at posttest. The children of participants in STP improved in self‐esteem in school (p<.05) at posttest. The results are compared to other parent education outcom

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<311::AID-JCOP2290170404>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStandardized instruments are often used to assess the need for mental health services in a community. Such instruments are usually standardized on Caucasian samples and are generally assumed to be appropriate for different ethnocultural minorities. However, this assumption may be in error because cultural groups vary in their expression, manifestation, and reporting of symptoms. This article analyzes the responses to a standardized instrument, the Symptom Checklist (SCL), for four ethnic groups in Hawai'i: Caucasians, Filipinos, Japanese, and Native Hawaiians. Factor analysis using a procrustes rotation was used to force the data to fit into the five hypothesized factors of the SCL (somatization, obsessive‐compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and anxiety). It showed that the scale item loadings generally did not correspond to the hypothesized factors. Among the ethnic groups, Caucasians appeared to have the best fit between the empirical and hypothesized factors whereas Native Hawaiians had the worst fit. Our results reinforce the importance of assessing established psychiatric symptom scales prior to their use on different ethnocultural minoritie

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<319::AID-JCOP2290170405>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines the interrelation between negative life events, ongoing life strains, and coping responses in a longitudinal study of clinically depressed and healthy adults. A two‐wave, two‐variable panel regression analysis revealed moderate stability of both life stressors and coping over a 1‐year interval. The connections between life stressors and coping varied by group status and across specific types of stressors and modes of coping. For depressed persons, there was a relatively strong association between chronic strains and emotional discharge coping. Among the controls, negative events were associated with information and support seeking; however, an increase in chronic strains was associated with a decline in problem‐solving coping. Overall, the results suggest that changes in stressful aspects of the psychosocial context are related to changes in the coping responses both clinically depressed and healthy adults use to manage specific stressful expe

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<330::AID-JCOP2290170406>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEmploying a stressors‐mental health outcomes model, this study examines the effects of four newly developed measures of functional social support from adult children on the depressive symptomatology of elderly persons. Data derive from structured interviews of a community, stratified probability sample of adults aged 50 and over (N=1,174). The stressors examined are undesirable life events and level of disability. Scales representing four types of social support provided by adult children to their elderly parents are employed: caring and concern (CC), social integration (SI), love and affection (LA), and instrumental support (IN). We observed their differential effects on depression in a model which includes sociodemographic factors, disability, and stressful life events. Among the expressive scales (CC, SI, and LA), operationalizations of Cobb's definition of social support, CC and SI show inverse though modest main effects on depression. Conversely, IN exhibits no significant effects. Salutary effects of expressive support are maximized when CC is high. Only SI exhibits a buffering effect. Implications of these and other findings are discusse

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<341::AID-JCOP2290170407>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis investigation addresses two issues central to psychiatric hospitalization: (1) Can alternative treatments be effective? and (2) How can patients appropriate for the alternatives be identified? This random design study found that a majority of patients assessed as requiring immediate psychiatric hospitalization could utilize a combination of emergency housing and outpatient treatment to avoid hospitalization. Five key variables examined at intake proved useful in predicting ability to succeed in the alternative treatment setting. Patients who failed in the alternative setting had trouble utilizing leisure time, were grandiose, exhibited eating problems, had difficulty with family, and showed an absence of paranoia.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<356::AID-JCOP2290170408>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFourth through 6th grade urban and suburban children first judged how upsetting they thought each of 22 stressful life events would be if the events occurred to age‐mates (“cognitive” set). The children then checked events they had actually experienced and rated each in terms of how upsetting it was for them (“experiential” set). Low‐level consistencies were found among judged cognitive upset ratings for the 22 items. The latter formed three factors reflectingloss events, getting into trouble, andchange in living situation.Although there were significant relationships between judged cognitive and experiential upset ratings for the 22 events, absolute levels of judged upset were consistently higher under the co

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<369::AID-JCOP2290170410>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(198910)17:4<::AID-JCOP2290170401>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY